Outer Ring Iodothyronine Deiodinases and Thyroid Hormone Economy: Responses to Iodine Deficiency in the Rat Fetus and Neonate

Obregón, Marı́a Jesús; Oña, Carmen Ruiz de; Calvo, Rosa; Rey, Francisco Escobar del; Escobar, Gabriella Morreale de

doi:10.1210/endo-129-5-2663

Cited by 80 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…This strategy leads to profound fetal hypothyroidism because maternal transfer of T 4 is markedly diminished, and T 4 is the only source of T 3 for the fetal brain (340,341). After birth, maternal T 4 is concentrated in the milk and given to the pups prior to weaning, thus resulting in amelioration of their hypothyroidism (341).…”

Section: And Recommendation 32mentioning

confidence: 99%

American Thyroid Association Guide to Investigating Thyroid Hormone Economy and Action in Rodent and Cell Models

Bianco

Anderson

Forrest

et al. 2014

Thyroid

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173

106

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Section: And Recommendation 32mentioning

confidence: 99%

American Thyroid Association Guide to Investigating Thyroid Hormone Economy and Action in Rodent and Cell Models

Bianco

Anderson

Forrest

et al. 2014

Thyroid

Self Cite

173

106

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“…It is known that glucocorticoid treatment enhances lung maturation (Stein et al 1994) which could be linked to altered thyroid status. The measurement of appreciable amounts of type II I5 D activity in the ovine lung is particularly interesting as, to date, this has only been observed in fetal and neonatal rat pups (Obregon et al 1991). Type II I5 D activity has been suggested to be more important in providing an intracellular source of T 3 for subsequent binding to nuclear T 3 receptors in order to enable T 3 to influence gene transcription or translation within the cell (Wu et al 1990).…”

Section: Control (N=4)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of maternal dexamethasone administration on thermoregulation in lambs delivered by caesarean section

Clarke

Heasman²,

Symonds³

1998

Journal of Endocrinology

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We have previously shown that lambs delivered by caesarean section 1 week prematurely become hypothermic due to reduced brown adipose tissue function in conjunction with low plasma concentrations of cortisol and thyroid hormones. The present study therefore aimed to determine whether maternal dexamethasone (a synthetic corticosteroid) administration could improve thermoregulation in premature lambs to the extent that they become similar to term lambs. Lambs were either delivered by caesarean section into a warm (30 C; WD) or cool (15 C; CD) ambient temperature at 140 days of gestation, 2 days after maternal dexamethasone treatment, or at 146 days for controls. During the first 30 min of life the decline in colonic temperature was greater in dexamethasone treated lambs compared with controls delivered into the same ambient temperature. All lambs then restored colonic temperature although this adaptation took longest in dexamethasone treated lambs CD but these subsequently attained highest plateau colonic temperatures. Oxygen consumption, breathing frequency and plasma free fatty acid concentrations were highest in dexamethasone treated lambs CD. There were no differences in plasma thyroid hormones between groups, but cortisol concentrations were lower in dexamethasone treated lambs irrespective of delivery temperature. Analysis of brown adipose tissue samples at 6 h of life demonstrated that dexamethasone treated lambs WD had more uncoupling protein and, in both dexamethasone treated and control lambs, uncoupling protein content was higher in lambs CD compared with those WD. An effect of ambient temperature on thermogenic activity was only observed in the dexamethasone treated group. It is concluded that maternal dexamethasone treatment can significantly improve thermoregulation after birth following premature delivery by caesarean section. As a consequence, dexamethasone treated lambs delivered 1 week prematurely do not remain hypothermic and have higher or similar colonic temperatures compared with untreated lambs born 1-2 days before term.

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“…In a hypothyroid state, DIO2 activity is increased to keep the supply of T3 at normal levels [77] . On the other hand, excess T4 inhibits the activity of DIO2 to posttranscriptional levels [78] and also acts on the mRNA [79] ; in this case the excess hormone also activates DIO3.…”

Section: Deiodinasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Hypothyroid Brain

Souza

Conceição

Oliveira

et al. 2016

Receptors Clin Investig

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The thyroid gland is controlled by a feedback system, the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis, and produces thyroid hormone (TH), which plays a critical role in growth, development and cellular metabolism. Diseases of the thyroid are well defined clinically and biochemically and diseases affecting thyroid function can cause both clinical hypothyroidisms, the most common cause of thyroid dysfunction, occurs when there is a decrease in the production of thyroid hormones, and hyperthyroidism, when there is an increase in hormone production. Common systemic manifestations of hypothyroidism include fatigue, dry skin, weight gain, hair loss, cold intolerance, hoarseness and constipation. Patients affected by this condition present a number of central and peripheral signs in the nervous system that may be neurological manifestations that occur along with the systemic disease. The conversion of thyroid hormone in the target tissue is done by three distinct deiodinases: type I, type II and type III. Each deiodinase has a different function in order to maintain thyroid hormone homeostasis in the tissues. Other proteins important for thyroid state are the TH transporters. MCT8, OATP1C1 and LAT1 and 2 transporters regulate T4 and T3 flow in the cells. The action of THs depends on the interaction of several proteins that are specialized in the control of thyroid hormone homeostasis not only in the brain but also in various tissues. THs are important for the maturation of the brain from the intrauterine period and remain important to adulthood. When there is some disturbance in the control mechanisms for the state of thyroid hormone, the consequences to the tissues, especially the CNS, can range from mild damage to severe impairment in neuronal development.

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Outer Ring Iodothyronine Deiodinases and Thyroid Hormone Economy: Responses to Iodine Deficiency in the Rat Fetus and Neonate

Cited by 80 publications

References 44 publications

American Thyroid Association Guide to Investigating Thyroid Hormone Economy and Action in Rodent and Cell Models

American Thyroid Association Guide to Investigating Thyroid Hormone Economy and Action in Rodent and Cell Models

Influence of maternal dexamethasone administration on thermoregulation in lambs delivered by caesarean section

The Hypothyroid Brain

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