Outer membrane protein UspA1 and lipooligosaccharide are involved in invasion of human epithelial cells by Moraxella catarrhalis

Spaniol, Violeta; Heiniger, Nadja; Troller, Rolf; Aebi, Christoph

doi:10.1016/j.micinf.2007.09.014

Cited by 39 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Spaniol et al (141) also utilized host-specific inhibitors to study invasion and showed that invasion was dependent on clathrin polymerization, which seemed to contradict the earlier findings of Slevogt et al (138). Furthermore, actin polymerization was also found to contribute to the invasion process, and antibodies directed to fibronectin and integrin ␣5␤1 were able to inhibit invasion (141 (62). At the present, the exact mechanism of epithelial cell invasion by M. catarrhalis is not fully understood, but it appears to be an active process involving several host cell and bacterial mechanisms.…”

Section: Invasion Of the Host Epitheliummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The latter has been suggested to be especially important for adhesion to damaged epithelial cell surfaces, as may be observed, for example, in COPD patients (90,132,142,143). M. catarrhalis also appears to be able to invade host epithelial cells (138,141), the intracellular survival of pathogens being an important aspect of host immune evasion (31). Moreover, once attached to the host mucosal surfaces, M. catarrhalis has the ability to interact and/or compete with the commensal flora and has the apparatus to survive and multiply under challenging nutrient-limiting conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…For example, pili may initiate adhesion at long range, while OMPs may be involved during more intimate contact (67,80). In particular, several macromolecules that contribute to M. catarrhalis adhesion, including OMPs such as the ubiquitous surface protein A proteins (UspAs) (80) (14,117), and surfaceexposed structures, such as type IV pili (TFP) (88) and LOS structures (141), have been identified.…”

Section: Adhesion To Host Epithelium and Ecmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, changes in OMP composition have been demonstrated in an LOS-deficient M. catarrhalis O35E strain (lpxA mutant) (141).…”

Section: Adhesion and Surface-exposed Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular Aspects ofMoraxella catarrhalisPathogenesis

Vries

Bootsma

Hays

et al. 2009

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

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SUMMARY In recent years, Moraxella catarrhalis has established its position as an important human mucosal pathogen, no longer being regarded as just a commensal bacterium. Further, current research in the field has led to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in M. catarrhalis pathogenesis, including mechanisms associated with cellular adherence, target cell invasion, modulation of the host's immune response, and metabolism. Additionally, in order to be successful in the host, M. catarrhalis has to be able to interact and compete with the commensal flora and overcome stressful environmental conditions, such as nutrient limitation. In this review, we provide a timely overview of the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms associated with M. catarrhalis virulence and pathogenesis.

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Section: Invasion Of the Host Epitheliummentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Adhesion To Host Epithelium and Ecmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, changes in OMP composition have been demonstrated in an LOS-deficient M. catarrhalis O35E strain (lpxA mutant) (141).…”

Section: Adhesion and Surface-exposed Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Molecular Aspects ofMoraxella catarrhalisPathogenesis

Vries

Bootsma

Hays

et al. 2009

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

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“…Integrin-mediated invasion by binding of host major plasma proteins to OMPs has actually been documented in various intracellular pathogens [e.g., N. meningitidis (11), Orientia tsutsugamushi (45) and Moraxella catarrhalis (46)]. Experimental infections of oysters showed that LGP32 signals cytoskeletal remodeling in an OmpU-dependent manner.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of OmpU porins for attachment and invasion of Crassostrea gigas immune cells by the oyster pathogen Vibrio splendidus

Duperthuy

Schmitt

Garzón

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

155

168

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OmpU porins are increasingly recognized as key determinants of pathogenic host Vibrio interactions. Although mechanisms remain incompletely understood, various species, including the human pathogen Vibrio cholera, require OmpU for host colonization and virulence. We have shown previously that OmpU is essential for virulence in the oyster pathogen Vibrio splendidus LGP32. Here, we showed that V. splendidus LGP32 invades the oyster immune cells, the hemocytes, through subversion of host-cell actin cytoskeleton. In this process, OmpU serves as an adhesin/invasin required for β-integrin recognition and host cell invasion. Furthermore, the major protein of oyster plasma, the extracellular superoxide dismutase CgEcSOD, is used as an opsonin mediating the OmpU-promoted phagocytosis through its RGD sequence. Finally, the endocytosed bacteria were found to survive intracellularly, evading the host defense by preventing acidic vacuole formation and limiting reactive oxygen species production. We conclude that (i) V. splendidus is a facultative intracellular pathogen that manipulates host defense mechanisms to enter and survive in host immune cells, and (ii) that OmpU is a major determinant of host cell invasion in Vibrio species, used by V. splendidus LGP32 to attach and invade oyster hemocytes through opsonisation by the oyster plasma Cg-EcSOD.T he oyster pathogen, Vibrio splendidus strain LGP32 was isolated from massive mortality events in the production of Crassostrea gigas oysters (1). However, up to now, little has been known about the route of infection and pathogenic processes of LGP32 (2, 3). A metalloprotease has been associated with toxicity (4, 5) and the outer membrane protein (OMP) OmpU was shown to be a major determinant of LGP32 virulence (6).As bacterial surface components, OMPs are both used by hosts for pathogen recognition and by pathogens for interaction with and invasion of host cells, serving as adhesion proteins (adhesins)

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Moraxella catarrhalis – Pathogen or Commensal?

Aebi

2010

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

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Moraxella catarrhalis is an exclusively human commensal and mucosal pathogen. Its role as a disease-causing organism has long been questioned. Today, it is recognized as one of the major causes of acute otitis media in children, and its relative frequency of isolation from both the nasopharynx and the middle ear cavity has increased since the introduction of the heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, which is associated with a shift in the composition of the nasopharyngeal flora in infants and young children. Although otitis media caused by M. catarrhalis is generally believed to be mild in comparison with pneumococcal disease, numerous putative virulence factors have now been identified and it has been shown that several surface components of M. catarrhalis induce mucosal inflammation. In adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), M. catarrhalis is now a well-established trigger of approximately 10% of acute inflammatory exacerbations.Although the so-called cold shock response is a well-described bacterial stress response in species such as Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis or - more recently - Staphylococcus aureus, M. catarrhalis is the only typical nasopharyngeal pathogen in which this response has been investigated. Indeed, a 3-h 26°C cold shock, which may occur physiologically, when humans inspire cold air for prolonged periods of time, increases epithelial cell adherence and enhances proinflammatory host responses and may thus contribute to the symptoms referred to as common cold, which typically are attributed to viral infections.

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Outer membrane protein UspA1 and lipooligosaccharide are involved in invasion of human epithelial cells by Moraxella catarrhalis

Cited by 39 publications

References 32 publications

Molecular Aspects ofMoraxella catarrhalisPathogenesis

Molecular Aspects ofMoraxella catarrhalisPathogenesis

Use of OmpU porins for attachment and invasion of Crassostrea gigas immune cells by the oyster pathogen Vibrio splendidus

Moraxella catarrhalis – Pathogen or Commensal?

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