Outdoor Gyms as an Example of Outdoor Recreation Activity in Urbanized Areas

Abstract

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>Outdoor gyms are becoming increasingly popular in the European cities. They are built in urban parks, in neighbourhoods (housing estates) and school sports grounds. Recently outdoor gyms are increasingly being built in non–urban recreation areas (such as beaches, lake promenades, forest parks). Among them there are gyms dedicated specifically to the elderly or disabled. The aim of the research is to analyze the use of outdoor gyms in Warsaw and selected surrounding settlements.</jats:p>

A systematic review about the characteristics and patterns of use of outdoor gyms

“…According to the different studies, using OGs represents only a supplementary activity and most people use OGs to supplement main activities and are active when they commute to the OGs (Chow, 2013(Chow, , 2017Ibiapina et al, 2017;Iepsen & Silva, 2015;Mathias et al, 2018;Mora, 2012;Mora et al,2017;Nałęcz et al, 2018;Pinheiro & Coelho Filho, 2017;Salin, Virtuoso, Noronha Nepomuceno, Weiers & Mazo, 2014;Silva, Fermino, Alberico & Reis, 2016Souza, Fermino, Rodriguez-Añez. & Reis, ,2014).…”

“…The percentage of time spent exercising was very low. In general, at most, users spend 15-20 minutes on 3-4 favourite machines (Bettencourt &Neves, 2016;Nałęcz et al, 2018) and some studies have observed that approximately half of the users only use one device and then leave. In general, no difference was found for total time of use based on gender.…”

“…In general, no difference was found for total time of use based on gender. In a single machine they stay less than five minutes (Chow et al ,2017;Nałęcz et al, 2018). According to Table 12, it can be seen that daily exercise recommendations are not always achieved.…”

“…Normally at weekends and during holidays, the use grows rapidly. On weekdays, OGs are particularly popular all day in late spring and in summer, (Chow et al 2017;Nałęcz et al, 2018). As for the time of day, it may vary; the use is in the morning (Ramírez et al 2017), in the morning or afternoon (Chow et al2017) or at nightfall (Nałęcz et al,2018).…”

“…On weekdays, OGs are particularly popular all day in late spring and in summer, (Chow et al 2017;Nałęcz et al, 2018). As for the time of day, it may vary; the use is in the morning (Ramírez et al 2017), in the morning or afternoon (Chow et al2017) or at nightfall (Nałęcz et al,2018). Habitually in summer, activity start at 8 h and reached the maximum at about 11 h, descending around lunchtime and moving upwards after 18 h. Few people use the gyms after 21 h. In wintertime, activity start later, at 10 h, and reached its peak at noon, but went down substantially as lunchtime approached.…”