Outdoor artificial light at night and risk of early-onset dementia: A case-control study in the Modena population, Northern Italy

Mazzoleni, Elena; Costanzini, Sofia; Garuti, Caterina; Adani, Giorgia; Vinceti, Giulia; Zamboni, Giovanna; Tondelli, Manuela; Giannitti, Chiara; Salemme, Simone; Teggi, Sergio; Chiari, Annalisa; Filippini, Tommaso

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17837

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 72 publications

(82 reference statements)

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“…Light pollution may contribute to neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s disease (AD) or other types of dementia due to its impact on sleep, essential for neuron health. Previous research showed that there is a linear or unprecise association with late-onset dementia and dLAN ( 83 ). Artificial lighting interferes with the functioning of our internal biological clock ( 84 , 85 ).…”

Section: Light Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental pollution and extreme weather conditions: insights into the effect on mental health

Tota,

Karska,

Kowalski

et al. 2024

Front. Psychiatry

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Environmental pollution exposures, including air, soil, water, light, and noise pollution, are critical issues that may implicate adverse mental health outcomes. Extreme weather conditions, such as hurricanes, floods, wildfires, and droughts, may also cause long-term severe concerns. However, the knowledge about possible psychiatric disorders associated with these exposures is currently not well disseminated. In this review, we aim to summarize the current knowledge on the impact of environmental pollution and extreme weather conditions on mental health, focusing on anxiety spectrum disorders, autism spectrum disorders, schizophrenia, and depression. In air pollution studies, increased concentrations of PM2.5, NO2, and SO2 were the most strongly associated with the exacerbation of anxiety, schizophrenia, and depression symptoms. We provide an overview of the suggested underlying pathomechanisms involved. We highlight that the pathogenesis of environmental pollution-related diseases is multifactorial, including increased oxidative stress, systematic inflammation, disruption of the blood-brain barrier, and epigenetic dysregulation. Light pollution and noise pollution were correlated with an increased risk of neurodegenerative disorders, particularly Alzheimer’s disease. Moreover, the impact of soil and water pollution is discussed. Such compounds as crude oil, heavy metals, natural gas, agro-chemicals (pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers), polycyclic or polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), solvents, lead (Pb), and asbestos were associated with detrimental impact on mental health. Extreme weather conditions were linked to depression and anxiety spectrum disorders, namely PTSD. Several policy recommendations and awareness campaigns should be implemented, advocating for the advancement of high-quality urbanization, the mitigation of environmental pollution, and, consequently, the enhancement of residents’ mental health.

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Section: Light Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental pollution and extreme weather conditions: insights into the effect on mental health

Tota,

Karska,

Kowalski

et al. 2024

Front. Psychiatry

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“…Incidence and prevalence of AD have increased in recent decades which parallels the increase in light pollution. Evidence suggests that exposure to light at night may promote neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation, dementia, and AD (Kim et al 2018; Delorme et al 2022; Walker et al 2020; Chen et al 2022; Mazzoleni et al 2023; Romeo et al 2013), but this possibility has not been carefully examined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outdoor Nighttime Light Exposure (Light Pollution) is Associated with Alzheimer’s Disease

Voigt,

Ouyang,

Keshavarzian

2024

Preprint

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Alzheimer disease (AD) prevalence has increased in the last century which can be attributed to increased lifespan, but environment is also important. This study evaluated the relationship between outdoor nighttime light exposure and AD prevalence in the United States. Higher outdoor nighttime light was associated with higher prevalence of AD. While atrial fibrillation, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and stroke were associated more strongly with AD prevalence than nighttime light intensity, nighttime light was more strongly associated with AD prevalence than alcohol abuse, chronic kidney disease, depression, heart failure, and obesity. Startlingly, nighttime light exposure more strongly associated with AD prevalence in those under the age of 65 than any other disease factor examined. These data indicate a need to investigate how nighttime light exposure influences AD pathogenesis.

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“…Despite genetic susceptibility playing a role in dementia’s etiology, known gene mutations explain only fewer than 10% of dementia cases. As a result, additional factors, including environmental and occupational exposures, as well as lifestyle and nutritional choices, may be implicated [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ] and may even carry a greater weight in EOD than in LOD [ 25 , 26 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atrial Fibrillation and Other Cardiovascular Factors and the Risk of Dementia: An Italian Case–Control Study

Mazzoli,

Chiari,

Vitolo

et al. 2024

IJERPH

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Dementia is a major neurologic syndrome characterized by severe cognitive decline, and it has a detrimental impact on overall physical health, leading to conditions such as frailty, changes in gait, and fall risk. Depending on whether symptoms occur before or after the age of 65, it can be classified as early-onset (EOD) or late-onset (LOD) dementia. The present study is aimed at investigating the role of cardiovascular factors on EOD and LOD risk in an Italian population. Using a case–control study design, EOD and LOD cases were recruited at the Modena Cognitive Neurology Centers in 2016–2019. Controls were recruited among caregivers of all the dementia cases. Information about their demographics, lifestyles, and medical history were collected through a tailored questionnaire. We used the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) to estimate the EOD and LOD risk associated with the investigated factors after adjusting for potential confounders. Of the final 146 participants, 58 were diagnosed with EOD, 34 with LOD, and 54 were controls. According to their medical history, atrial fibrillation was associated with increased disease risk (ORs 1.90; 95% CI 0.32–11.28, and 3.64; 95% CI 0.32–41.39 for EOD and LOD, respectively). Dyslipidemia and diabetes showed a positive association with EOD, while the association was negative for LOD. We could not evaluate the association between myocardial infarction and EOD, while increased risk was observed for LOD. No clear association emerged for carotid artery stenosis or valvular heart disease. In this study, despite the limited number of exposed subjects and the high imprecision of the estimates, we found positive associations between cardiovascular disease, particularly dyslipidemia, diabetes, and atrial fibrillation, and EOD.

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Outdoor artificial light at night and risk of early-onset dementia: A case-control study in the Modena population, Northern Italy

Cited by 6 publications

References 72 publications

Environmental pollution and extreme weather conditions: insights into the effect on mental health

Environmental pollution and extreme weather conditions: insights into the effect on mental health

Outdoor Nighttime Light Exposure (Light Pollution) is Associated with Alzheimer’s Disease

Atrial Fibrillation and Other Cardiovascular Factors and the Risk of Dementia: An Italian Case–Control Study

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