Outcomes of vitrified early cleavage-stage and blastocyst-stage embryos in a cryopreservation program: evaluation of 3,150 warming cycles

Cobo, Ana; Santos, María José de los; Castelló, D; Gámiz, Pilar; Campos, P.E.C; Remohı́, J.

doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.07.1107

Cited by 223 publications

(142 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…But as cryopreservation techniques have been refined [8,9], more studies have reported improved outcomes after FET cycles when compared to fresh ET [7,14,15]. Traditionally, embryo cryopreservation was undertaken in patients with surplus embryos or patients with contraindications to transfer such as risk of OHSS or poor endometrial development and in some instances for fertility preservation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite this fact, some studies have reported even higher pregnancy rates following a FET compared to fresh transfers [3,6,7]. In addition, with the advances and optimization made in cryopreservation methods [8], the quality of the frozen embryos and their reproductive potential are at least similar to those observed with fresh embryos [9]. Current techniques of cryopreservation are efficient, reliable, and documented as safe, and evidence is accumulating that freezing and rewarming embryos may result in outcomes equivalent if not superior to transfer in fresh cycles [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reproductive outcome is optimized by genomic embryo screening, vitrification, and subsequent transfer into a prepared synchronous endometrium

Rodriguez-Purata

Lee

Whitehouse

et al. 2016

J Assist Reprod Genet

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Purpose The aim of this study is to compare implantation and live birth rates (LBR) between fresh euploid embryo transfers versus cryo-all cycles with a subsequent embryo transfer into a prepared endometrium. Material and Methods This is a retrospective cohort study. Patients who underwent an IVF cycle with PGS with trophectoderm biopsy from January 2011 to July 2015 were included. Patients were divided into three groups: "Fresh Only," "Frozen Embryo Transfer ('FET) Only," and "Fresh ET then FET." For "Fresh Only" group (n = 345), PGS results were received within 24 h. For "FET Only" group (n = 514), results were expected after 24 h, and embryos were cryopreserved after biopsy; only FET was performed in this group (no fresh transfer). For "FET with a previous fresh ET" (n = 139) group, patients underwent a fresh ET with a subsequent FET, in which the same cohort of embryos was utilized. The main outcome measures were pregnancy rate (PR), clinical PR, implantation rate (IR), LBR, and early pregnancy loss rate. Results IRs were statistically higher in the "FET Only" group when compared to the "Fresh Only" group (59.5 vs. 50.6 %, p < 0.01) and the "FET with a previous fresh ET" (59.5 vs. 50.6 %, p < 0.05). LBR was statistically significant in the "FET Only" group when compared to the "Fresh Only" group (57.6 vs. 46.5 %, p < 0.005) but not when compared to "FET with a previous fresh ET" group (57.6 vs. 47.7 %, p = 0.07). Conclusions This analysis suggests euploid embryos to be more likely to implant and achieve a LBR in a synthetic FET cycle than in a fresh cycle.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive outcome is optimized by genomic embryo screening, vitrification, and subsequent transfer into a prepared synchronous endometrium

Rodriguez-Purata

Lee

Whitehouse

et al. 2016

J Assist Reprod Genet

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“…Very high survival has been observed for vitrifiedwarmed human blastocysts [20,21] and cleavage embryos [21], in vitro, by use of the Cryotop cryodevice. The vitrification procedure was developed by Rall and Fahy [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Successful pregnancy by vitrified–warmed embryo transfer for a woman with Kallmann syndrome

Shimoda¹,

Iwayama²,

Ishiyama³

et al. 2015

Reprod Medicine & Biology

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Purpose Kallmann syndrome is a genetic disorder characterized by hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and anosmia. We report the case of a 31-year-old woman with Kallmann syndrome who successfully gave birth after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and vitrifiedwarmed embryo transfer, despite relatively ineffective ovarian stimulation. Method A 30 year-old woman with primary amenorrhea wished to achieve pregnancy. Diagnostic testing results were consistent with Kallmann syndrome. Follicular stimulation was started with human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG; 150 IU/day). After 28 days of treatment, 4 follicles were observed (total hMG; 4200 IU), with a dominant follicle diameter of 23 mm. Ovum pick-up was performed and 2 oocytes, one at metaphase II (MII) and one at the germinal vesicle stage, were obtained. Piezo-ICSI was performed on the MII oocyte and an 8-cell stage embryo was cryopreserved on day 3. Subsequently, embryo transfer was performed after endometrial preparation. Result A gestational sac and embryo heart activity were confirmed by ultrasonographic monitoring, and a healthy male infant weighing 3246 g was delivered by Caesarean section after 41 weeks 3 days of gestation. Conclusion This is the first report of a healthy delivery after vitrified-warmed embryo transfer for a woman with Kallmann syndrome. Our experience suggests that ICSI and vitrified-warmed embryo transfer are effective for women with Kallmann syndrome.

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“…More optimized vitrification methods have been used recently, including cryo‐protectant and rapid freezing. If vitrified correctly, embryos have an outstanding survival rate of ~95% 1. If the development of cryopreservation technologies is compared over the years, it would be found that for a period of 10 years (from 2004 to 2013), the number of autologous frozen‐thawed embryo transfers (ETs) that were reported to the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology (SART) increased by >2.5‐fold:2 in 2004, there were 15,474 frozen‐thawed ETs, compared to 40 015 in 2013, whereas the number of fresh ETs that were performed was about the same (87 089 vs 87 045).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theory about the Embryo Cryo‐Treatment

Vladimirov

Tacheva

Dı́ez

2017

Reprod Medicine & Biology

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BackgroundTo create hypothesis, which can give a logical explanation related to the benefits of freezing/thawing embryos. Cryopreservation is not only a technology used for storing embryos, but also a method of embryo treatment that can potentially improve the success rate in infertile couples.MethodsFrom the analysis of multiple results in assisted reproductive technology, which have no satisfactory explanation to date, we found evidence to support a ‘therapeutic’ effect of the freezing/thawing of embryos on the process of recovery of the embryo and its subsequent implantation.ResultsFreezing/thawing is a way to activate the endogenous survival and repair responses in preimplantation embryos. Several molecular mechanisms can explain the higher success rate of ET using thawed embryos compared to fresh ET in women of advanced reproductive age, the higher miscarriage rate in cases of thawed blastocyst ET compared to thawed ET at early cleavage embryo, and the higher perinatal parameters of born children after thawed ET. Embryo thawing induces a stress. Controlled stress is not necessarily detrimental, because it generates a phenomenon that is counteracted by several known biological responses aimed to repair mitochondrial damage of membrane and protein misfolding. The term for favorable biological responses to low exposures to stress is called hormesis.ConclusionsThis thesis will summarize the role of cryopreservation in the activation of a hormetic response, preserving the mitochondrial function, improving survival, and having an impact on the process of implantation, miscarriage, and the development of pregnancy.

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Outcomes of vitrified early cleavage-stage and blastocyst-stage embryos in a cryopreservation program: evaluation of 3,150 warming cycles

Cited by 223 publications

References 54 publications

Reproductive outcome is optimized by genomic embryo screening, vitrification, and subsequent transfer into a prepared synchronous endometrium

Reproductive outcome is optimized by genomic embryo screening, vitrification, and subsequent transfer into a prepared synchronous endometrium

Successful pregnancy by vitrified–warmed embryo transfer for a woman with Kallmann syndrome

Theory about the Embryo Cryo‐Treatment

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