Outcomes of COVID-19 in Patients with Cirrhosis or Liver Transplantation

Choudhary, Narendra S.; Dhampalwar, Swapnil; Saraf, Neeraj; Soin, Arvinder S.

doi:10.1016/j.jceh.2021.05.003

Cited by 23 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(72 reference statements)

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“…Similar to our report, COVID-19 patients aged older than 60 years with underlying CVD can aggravate symptoms and result in death outcomes [26,27]. Although, in our study, there was no statistically significant relationship between the comorbid underlying disease with death outcome in COVID-9 patients with CVD, all mentioned diseases, separately, were reported as a risk factor to worsen the condition and lead to death in these patients [28][29][30][31][32]. Among demographical and clinical characteristics, male gender, elderly age, and fever are associated with a greater risk of development of acute respiratory syndrome, severe condition, and death [31,33].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with a history of cardiovascular disease

Yaghubi

Shakoori

Nasiri

et al. 2022

jcbior

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New emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) primarily affects the lungs, but the virus may cause cardiovascular disease (CVD), and a history of CVD is usually associated with comorbidities, which could increase the severity of infections. In this study, we collected demographic and clinical characteristics data from 123 patients with a history of CVD, who were confirmed to have SARS-CoV-2 infection by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test in Razi Hospital, Rasht, Iran, from March 2021 to June 2021. Chi-Square and Fisher's Exact test with a significance level of P less than 0.05 was performed. All statistical analysis was performed with SPSS software version 26.0. Among the studied patients, 99 patients were discharged and 24 of them died. 62 (50.4%) of the study population were female and 61 (49.6%) were male, and there is no significant association between gender and the outcome of patients (P = 0.159). The total mean age of patients was 68.35±12.41. Statistical analysis has represented a significant relation of death outcomes in CVD patients with age 60 years and older (P = 0.001), in comparison with patients younger than 60 years. In this present study, no significant relation between underlying disease and mortality rate was reported, but in COVID-19 patients with a history of CVD and age upper than 60 years, death outcome was more probable.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with a history of cardiovascular disease

Yaghubi

Shakoori

Nasiri

et al. 2022

jcbior

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“…Despite a higher proportion of patients with cardiovascular and pulmonary disease among non-LT patients, mortality was similar in both groups. The reported mortality in COVID-19 infected cirrhosis patients ranges between 30% and 42% [39][40][41][42]. The mortality rate for LT recipients (17¢4%) was lower than that for other organ transplant recipients [43,44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of COVID-19 on liver transplant recipients–A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2021

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Background: Immunosuppression and comorbidities increase the risk of severe coronavirus disease-2019 in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. The outcomes of COVID-19 in liver transplant (LT) recipients remain unclear. We aimed to analyse the outcomes of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in LT recipients. Methods: The electronic databases were searched for articles published from 1 December 2019 to 20 May 2021 with MeSH terms COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, and liver transplantation. Studies reporting outcomes in more than 10 LT recipients were included for analysis. LT vs non-LT patients with COVID-19 infection were compared for all-cause mortality, which was the primary outcome studied. We also evaluated the relation between the timing of COVID-19 infection post-LT (< one year vs > one year) and mortality. Findings: Eighteen articles reporting 1,522 COVID-19 infected LT recipients were included for the systematic review. The mean age (standard deviation [SD]) was 60¢38 (5¢24) years, and 68¢5% were men. The mean time (SD) to COVID-19 infection was 5¢72 (1¢75) years. Based on 17 studies (I 2 = 7¢34) among 1,481 LT recipients, the cumulative incidence of mortality was 17¢4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 15¢4À19¢6). Mortality was comparable between LT (n = 610) and non-LT (n = 239,704) patients, based on four studies (odds ratio [OR], 0¢8 [0¢6À1¢08]; P = 0¢14). Additionally, there was no significant difference in mortality between those infected within one year vs after one year of LT (OR, 1¢5 [0¢63À3¢56]; P = 0¢35). The cumulative incidence of graft dysfunction was 2¢3% (1¢3À4¢1). Nearly 23% (20¢71À25) of the LT patients developed severe COVID-19 infection. Before infection, 71% and 49% of patients were on tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil, respectively. Immunosuppression was modified in 55¢9% (38¢1À72¢2) patients after COVID-19 infection. Interpretation: LT and non-LT patients with COVID-19 have a similar risk of adverse outcomes.

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“…Furthermore, patients with viral hepatitis have a higher risk of severe COVID-19 (Hariyanto et al, 2022), and the risk could increase further in the presence of other comorbidities such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (Zhou et al, 2020;Gold et al, 2020). Moreover, NAFLD (Singh et al, 2021), cirrhosis (Choudhary et al, 2021;Qi et al, 2021), and hepatic carcinoma (Chagas et al, 2020) increase the risk of progression to severe COVID-19, which might be partly because the expression of ACE2 is significantly amplified in liver fibrotic/ cirrhotic conditions (Paizis et al, 2005;Huang et al, 2009).…”

Section: Covid-19 and Liver Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ferroptosis in COVID-19-related liver injury: A potential mechanism and therapeutic target

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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The outbreak and worldwide spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been a threat to global public health. SARS-CoV-2 infection not only impacts the respiratory system but also causes hepatic injury. Ferroptosis, a distinct iron-dependent form of non-apoptotic cell death, has been investigated in various pathological conditions, such as cancer, ischemia/reperfusion injury, and liver diseases. However, whether ferroptosis takes part in the pathophysiological process of COVID-19-related liver injury has not been evaluated yet. This review highlights the pathological changes in COVID-19-related liver injury and presents ferroptosis as a potential mechanism in the pathological process. Ferroptosis, as a therapeutic target for COVID-19-related liver injury, is also discussed. Discoveries in these areas will improve our understanding of strategies to prevent and treat hepatic injuries caused by COVID-19.

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Outcomes of COVID-19 in Patients with Cirrhosis or Liver Transplantation

Cited by 23 publications

References 46 publications

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with a history of cardiovascular disease

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with a history of cardiovascular disease

Impact of COVID-19 on liver transplant recipients–A systematic review and meta-analysis

Ferroptosis in COVID-19-related liver injury: A potential mechanism and therapeutic target

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