Outcomes of Child Sexual Abuse as Predictors of Later Sexual Victimization

Reese-Weber, Marla; Smith, David M.

doi:10.1177/0886260510372935

Cited by 34 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…These findings are consistent with those of the only previous study that has assessed revictimization and attachment anxiety: Reese-Weber and Smith [46] identified attachment anxiety as an important predictor of revictimization. As Nurius [78] pointed out, from an individual perspective, there are always relative costs of both taking and not taking a specific action in a specific situation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Risk Recognition, Attachment Anxiety, Self-Efficacy, and State Dissociation Predict Revictimization

et al. 2014

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BackgroundPrevious research has identified a number of variables that constitute potential risk factors for victimization and revictimization. However, it remains unclear which factors are associated not only with childhood or adolescent victimization, but specifically with revictimization. The aim of this study was to determine whether risk recognition ability and other variables previously associated with revictimization are specifically able to differentiate individuals with childhood victimization only from revictimized individuals, and thus to predict revictimization.MethodsParticipants were N = 85 women aged 21 to 64 years who were interpersonally victimized in childhood or adolescence only, interpersonally revictimized in another period of life, or not victimized. A logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine whether risk recognition ability, sensation seeking, self-efficacy, state dissociation, shame, guilt, assertiveness, and attachment anxiety predicted group membership.ResultsThe logistic regression analysis revealed risk recognition ability, attachment anxiety, state dissociation, and self-efficacy as significant predictors of revictimization. The final model accurately classified 82.4% of revictimized, 59.1% of victimized and 93.1% of non-victimized women. The overall classification rate was 80%.ConclusionsThis study suggests that risk recognition ability, attachment anxiety, self-efficacy, and state dissociation play a key role in revictimization. Increased risk recognition ability after an interpersonal trauma may act as a protective factor against repeated victimization that revictimized individuals may lack. A lack of increased risk recognition ability in combination with higher attachment anxiety, lower self-efficacy, and higher state dissociation may increase the risk of revictimization.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Two recent studies on attachment anxiety have reported a positive correlation between child sexual abuse and attachment anxiety in adulthood [45], [46]. Moreover, a prospective study on predictors of revictimization [46] found that attachment anxiety plays an important role in later revictimization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Recognition, Attachment Anxiety, Self-Efficacy, and State Dissociation Predict Revictimization

et al. 2014

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“…In hearing populations, another outcome of child sexual trauma is elevated probability of adult sexual trauma in both male and female populations (Aosved, Long, & Voller, 2011;Reese-Weber & Smith, 2011). These results have often been attributed to the traumagenic dynamics described by Finkelhor and Browne (1985), that is, early sexual trauma results in the development of traumatic sexualization, betrayal, powerlessness, and stigmatization.…”

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confidence: 91%

Consequences of Child and Adult Sexual and Physical Trauma among Deaf Adults

Schild

Dalenberg

2015

Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the consequences of sexual and physical trauma among a sample of deaf adults. Thirty-two men and 45 women completed the Life Event Checklist (LEC), the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS), the Trauma Symptom Inventory (TSI), the Somatoform Dissociation and a sociodemographic questionnaire. In this sample, 40.6% of the male participants and 53.3% of the female participants had experienced some type of sexual trauma during their lifetimes. Physical trauma was reported by 75% of males and 71.1% of female participants. For those who had experienced childhood sexual trauma, the odds ratio of revictimization in adulthood was 6.69. Sexual trauma also rarely occurred by itself. Two thirds of all participants with sexual trauma histories also reported some type of physical abuse. Participants with sexual trauma histories displayed significantly more symptoms of PTSD and depression than people without such trauma history. Physical and sexual abuse represent significant problems in the deaf community. The authors include a call for the development of targeted intervention attempts to prevent further victimization in deaf child and adolescent populations.Data from the world literature suggests that deaf individuals experience higher rates of sexual and physical trauma than their hearing counterparts (Bisol, Sperb, Brewer, Kato, & Shor-Posner, 2008;Kvam, 2004). Among a sample of 92 Brazilian students (42 deaf and 50 hearing students) between

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“…This study aims to replicate the procedures from a previous study conducted by Reese-Weber and Smith (2011). These researchers examined variables in the context of the Traumagenic Dynamics Model and investigated their relationship to revictimization in the first semester of college.…”

Section: Traumagenic Dynamics Modelmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Unfortunately, for the victims of childhood sexual abuse the victimization is not always confined to childhood. Research indicates that survivors of childhood sexual abuse are more likely to be revictimized later in life than those who were not sexually abused as children (Messman & Long, 2000;Polusny, Rosenthal, Aban, & Follette, 2004;Reese-Weber & Smith, 2011). One study found that victims of childhood sexual abuse were not only at higher risk for sexual assault or abuse later in life, but also for physical abuse, kidnapping and stalking (Widom, Czaja, & Dutton, 2008).…”

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confidence: 99%

Outcome Variables of Childhood Sexual Abuse as Potential Risk Factors for Sexual Revictimization in Adulthood

Bowles¹

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Childhood sexual abuse is a large problem, with research estimates indicating that between 16-25% of women have experienced sexual abuse at some point during their childhood (Dube et al., 2005;Gorey & Leslie, 1997). Even more alarming is the data that suggests that women who have experienced childhood sexual abuse are between 2 to 11 times more likely to experience sexual assault as an adult than individuals with no past history of abuse (Messman-Moore & Long, 2003). To help understand the complex and varied outcomes associated with childhood sexual abuse, Finkelhor and Browne (1985) developed a model conceptualizing the four main outcomes of CSA called the traumagenic dynamics, which include traumatic sexualization, powerlessness, betrayal, and stigmatization. These dynamics have been identified as the main sources of trauma resulting from CSA. This study examined all four traumagenic dynamics and their possible relationships with childhood sexual abuse and revictimization in adulthood.Traumatic sexualization was assessed using a measure of body dissatisfaction, powerlessness was conceptualized in terms of coping strategies employed by victims, betrayal was assessed by examining forgiveness of an abuser by the victim, and stigmatization was assessed by disclosure of abuse. Findings support literature which suggests that victims of childhood sexual abuse are at a higher risk of sexual revictimization in their first semester on a college campus when compared to non-abused participants. Additionally, this study found that victims of childhood sexual abuse reported higher rates of body image dissatisfaction and that body image dissatisfaction was related to the risk of sexual assault in the first semester on a college campus.

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Outcomes of Child Sexual Abuse as Predictors of Later Sexual Victimization

Cited by 34 publications

References 34 publications

Risk Recognition, Attachment Anxiety, Self-Efficacy, and State Dissociation Predict Revictimization

Risk Recognition, Attachment Anxiety, Self-Efficacy, and State Dissociation Predict Revictimization

Consequences of Child and Adult Sexual and Physical Trauma among Deaf Adults

Outcome Variables of Childhood Sexual Abuse as Potential Risk Factors for Sexual Revictimization in Adulthood

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