Outcomes in Organ Transplant Recipients With Prostate Cancer Treated With Radiotherapy

Oh, Steven C.; Tariq, Muhammad; Reddy, Chandana A.; Ciezki, Jay P.; Stephans, Kevin L.; Tendulkar, Rahul D.

doi:10.1016/j.clgc.2018.10.005

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…This somewhat unexpected finding is likely due to the intensive screening for malignancies transplant candidates are required to undergo before transplantation with detection of cancer excluding patients from transplantation or necessitating treatment and extended cancer-free survival before transplantation (15). Other contemporary reports did not find lower rates highlighting the importance of maintaining rigorous screening after transplantation (103,104). As survival after transplantation increases, the rates of these cancers are expected to increase further.…”

Section: Other Malignanciesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Malignancy after lung transplantation

Shtraichman¹,

Ahya²

2020

Ann Transl Med

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Lung transplantation is an established therapeutic option for selected patients with advanced lung diseases. As early outcomes after lung transplantation have improved, chronic medical illnesses have emerged as significant obstacles to long-term survival. Among them is post-transplant malignancy, currently representing the 2 nd most common cause of death 5-10 years after transplantation. Chronic immunosuppressive therapy and resulting impairment of anti-tumor immune surveillance is thought to have a central role in cancer development after solid organ transplantation (SOT). Lung transplant recipients receive more immunosuppression than other SOT populations, likely contributing to even higher risk of cancer among this group. The most common cancers in lung transplant recipients are non-melanoma skin cancers, followed by lung cancer and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD). The purpose of this review is to outline the common malignancies following lung transplant, their risk factors, prognosis and current means for both prevention and treatment.

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Section: Other Malignanciesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Malignancy after lung transplantation

Shtraichman¹,

Ahya²

2020

Ann Transl Med

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“…Oh et al [ 26 ] reported on biochemical disease-free survival, distant metastasis free, OS, and toxicity in 28 patients with renal transplant who were subsequently treated with definitive RT for PCa. The median age was 66 years, and median follow-up time was 30 mo.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One patient developed grade 3 gastrointestinal late toxicity. The authors concluded that organ transplant recipient with PCa and treated with RT have excellent 3-year outcomes[ 26 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunosuppressive treatment and radiotherapy in kidney transplant patients: A systematic review

Lancellotta¹,

D’Aviero²,

Fionda³

et al. 2022

WJR

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BACKGROUND Immunosuppression (IS) therapy may contribute to cancer development. Some authors have proposed to reduce immunosuppression drugs dose in case of viral infections, in immunosuppression-related diseases, and in patients undergoing radiotherapy. The present analysis reports the results of a systematic review on kidney transplant recipients undergoing immunosuppression and radiotherapy. AIM To define if it is necessary reduce immunosuppression drugs during radiotherapy. METHODS The literature search was based on three electronic databases (Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science) using selected keywords linked through the "AND" and "OR" Boolean operators to build specific strings for each electronic search engine. Two researchers independently screened the citations, and disagreement was resolved by discussion or through the intervention of a third author. The review was conducted and reported according to the PRISMA statement. Extracted data were narratively synthesized, and, where possible, frequencies, percentages, and ranges were calculated. RESULTS The literature search resulted in 147 citations. After abstracts screening, 21 records were selected for full-text evaluation. Fifteen of these were excluded, leaving six papers considered suitable for analysis. There is still no clear evidence that withdrawing antimetabolites and/or calcineurin inhibitors and/or mammalian target of rapamycin-inhibitors, as opposed to continuing maintenance IS, improves patient survival in kidney transplant recipients with cancer undergoing radiotherapy. Only few retrospective studies on small cancer patient cohorts are available in this setting, but without comparison of different immunosuppression treatments. Even where immunosuppression therapy was described, patient survival seemed to be correlated only with cancer stage and type. CONCLUSION The results of this systematic review do not support the reduction of immunosuppression dose in patients undergoing radiotherapy.

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“…Robot-assisted Radical Prostatectomy in localized disease can be performed with certain port placement and other procedural modifications employing trans-peritoneal or extraperitoneal approaches with safe clinical and oncological outcomes [61][62][63][64]. Similarly brachytherapy and external beam radiation have been found to have equivalent outcomes in a recent series [65] though there is always a concern for increased incidence of radiation related allograft complications [61]. With the increased detection of low risk www.tridhascholars.org | June-2020 cancers the role of active surveillance and focal therapy are also being explored [65,66] and need further evidence to support their routine usage, though in carefully selected men, may be safe.…”

Section: Prostate Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly brachytherapy and external beam radiation have been found to have equivalent outcomes in a recent series [65] though there is always a concern for increased incidence of radiation related allograft complications [61]. With the increased detection of low risk www.tridhascholars.org | June-2020 cancers the role of active surveillance and focal therapy are also being explored [65,66] and need further evidence to support their routine usage, though in carefully selected men, may be safe. Hormonal treatment has been employed in conjunction with radiation therapy, however, literature on the management of BCR and metastatic disease in this population is lacking especially with the metamorphosis of current therapeutics and the possible role of immunotherapy.…”

Section: Prostate Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

De-Novo Genitourinary Neoplasms in Transplant Recipients: The Present and Future

Subodh¹,

Jiang²,

Christopher³

2020

Cancer Med J

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The risk of genitourinary cancers following transplantation is increased following majority of solid organ transplants but is best described following renal transplantation. Increasing average age of the transplant recipient as well as increases in post- transplant survival increases the risk of these malignancies. The risk of Kidney cancer is the highest following most solid organ transplants, whereas prostate cancer risk is lower than the general population in multiple large population-based studies. The etiology of increased risk of cancer following transplant is multifactorial with the predominant influence of immunosuppression and direct toxicity of immunosuppressants, however, the significance of end stage disease particularly in the causation of renal cancer in renal transplant recipients is undeniable. Modifications in immunosuppression regimens as well as changes in the standard treatment principles of some cancers may require changes in the management of some post-transplant malignancies. Standard screening guidelines have not been established but screening for renal tumors in renal transplant recipients is the only widely studied entity. Further work is needed to prepare the urologic oncological community with this once rare population group and standardized recommendations need to be established for screening and for the use of new age cancer therapeutics like immunotherapy.

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Outcomes in Organ Transplant Recipients With Prostate Cancer Treated With Radiotherapy

Cited by 6 publications

References 25 publications

Malignancy after lung transplantation

Malignancy after lung transplantation

Immunosuppressive treatment and radiotherapy in kidney transplant patients: A systematic review

De-Novo Genitourinary Neoplasms in Transplant Recipients: The Present and Future

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