Outcomes based on age in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with first line targeted therapy or checkpoint immunotherapy: Older patients more prone to toxicity
“…This trend was observed with sunitinib or pazopanib in a retrospective analysis based on age in patients with metastatic RCC; patients aged ≥75 years received a lower dose of sunitinib or pazopanib. 25 …”
“…This trend was observed with sunitinib or pazopanib in a retrospective analysis based on age in patients with metastatic RCC; patients aged ≥75 years received a lower dose of sunitinib or pazopanib. 25 …”
“…Previous studies reported that an older age did not affect survival outcomes in mRCC [10][11][12] . However, this retrospective analysis revealed that OS and CSS were signi cantly shorter in mRCC patients ≥ 75 years, and that PFS after rst-and second-line therapies was not a surrogate for OS or CSS in mRCC patients ≥ 75 years.…”
Background
Due to an increase in life expectancy, the incidence of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) in patients aged ≥75 years has been increasing. In this study we investigated the characteristics before treatment and the outcomes of systemic therapies for patients aged ≥75 years with mRCC and compared the results with those for patients aged <75years in order to determine whether differences in age influenced survival.
Methods
A total of 206 consecutive Japanese patients with mRCC, including 47 patients aged ≥75 years, who received systemic therapy were included. Clinical data from medical records were retrieved and analyzed retrospectively. Survival analyses were determined using a Kaplan–Meier method, and analyzed with a log-rank test.
Results
Elderly patients categorized as favorable risk group based on the International Metastatic RCC Database Consortium (IMDC) stratification system were significantly lower. Among IMDC risk factors, the rate of anemia was significantly higher in elderly patients. No statistically significant benefit in progression free survival for first and second line treatment was observed, whereas improvements in overall survival as well as cancer specific survival were seen in patients aged <75 years.
Conclusions
For mRCC patients aged ≥75 years, a higher proportion of base line anemia, which resulted in higher rates of IMDC intermediate/poor risk, would be responsible for shorter OS/CSS. Furthermore, mRCC patients aged ≥75 years tend to receive BSC instead of second line active treatment. Overcoming under-treatment in elderly patients might help to prolong survival in mRCC.
“…Baseline clinical characteristics of interest were defined a priori based on established associations with favorable OS or objective imaging response; these characteristics included IMDC risk group, 11 presence of sarcomatoid histological characteristics, 12 receipt of CN, 13 and sites of metastasis. 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 Although age 18 , 19 and sex 20 have not been reported to interact with outcomes associated with contemporary therapies for mRCC, these variables were included in the analysis because they had not been examined as confounders in large routine-practice data sets. In the adjusted logistic regression analysis, only CN (odds ratio [OR], 1.59; 95% CI, 1.04-2.43; P = .03), deferred nephrectomy (OR, 3.04; 95% CI, 1.03-8.97; P = .04), lung metastases (OR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.01-2.20; P = .04), and favorable vs poor IMDC risk group (OR, 1.93; 95% CI, 1.10-3.39; P = .02) were associated with objective imaging response in a statistically significant and clinically meaningful manner ( Figure 1 ).…”
Key Points
Question
Do contemporary first-line therapy options for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) have different likelihoods of objective imaging response (complete or partial response), and is objective imaging response associated with overall survival?
Findings
In this cohort study involving 899 patients with mRCC, treatment with immune checkpoint blockade plus vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitor combination therapies was more likely to be associated with objective imaging response than doublet immune checkpoint blockade therapy after adjustment for baseline demographic and clinical characteristics, including International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium risk criteria. Objective imaging response was associated with improvement in overall survival among patients receiving both types of therapy.
Meaning
This study’s findings suggest that combination therapies with first-line immune checkpoint blockade plus vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitor were more likely to be associated with objective imaging response than doublet immune checkpoint blockade therapy.
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