“…To date, the surgical external mesh design for cardiovascular applications is based on such a diameter criterion. Despite a reduction in arterial wall dilation and therefore preservation of valve function, it turns out that a permanent textile wrapping can lead to excessive stress-shielding phenomena [11]. Experimental animal trials of a polymeric reinforcement around the autograft have shown thinning of the vessel wall, smooth muscle cell death, and loss of wall mechanical compliance [12,13,14].…”