Outcome of right ventricular microaxial pump support in patients undergoing cardiac surgery

Abstract

Right ventricular failure (RVF) after cardiac surgery is associated with an in-hospital mortality rate of up to 75%. Axial flow pumps are one of the mechanical circulatory support (MCS) options available for the treatment of RVF, however the specifics of timing and indication for MCS, as well as predictors for survival, remain unclear due to a dearth published data. We evaluated the clinical outcome of patients treated with Impella RP for predictors of mortality and the hemodynamic effects of the pump. This is a single-center retrospective observational study involving adult patients who underwent cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass between January 2019 and December 2020 in cardiac surgery and required therapeutic management of RVF with an Impella RP. Overall, 18 patients were included and analyzed for factors that could be associated with mortality, or that could be predictors of patient outcomes for this population. Treatment of RVF with Impella-RP improved the patient hemodynamics significantly and had a survival rate of 61% within 30 days. Patients with isolated CABG or better liver function before implantation had a better survival rate, which may indicate that underlying disease and timing of implantation are significant for successful treatment of RVF.