Outcome of older adults at risk of frailty

Abstract

Background The integral part of the definition of frailty is the outcome associated with it. Older adults at risk of frailty are in the process of becoming frail. This study looked at the clinical characteristics and outcomes of older adults at risk of frailty. Methodology The study population was selected from outpatient department of the geriatric medicine department in a tertiary care hospital. Older adults identified as at risk of frailty were assessed at baseline and then followed up after 1 year for the composite primary outcome of death, falls, hospitalization, and self‐rated poor quality of life in the follow‐up period. Results The study included 324 older adults who had completed 1‐year follow up. Mean (SD) age was 74.49 (4.58) years, and males were 241 (74.15%). Frail and pre‐frail at baseline among the study population were 31.17% and 61.11%, respectively. The primary outcome occurred in 43 (13.27%) patients. Poor baseline IADL was significantly associated with primary outcome at the end of 1 year. Conclusion An unfavorable outcome in older adults at risk of frailty was significantly higher and independent of their baseline frailty status. Poor baseline IADL value may be considered as a predictor for primary outcome at 1 year of follow up.

Prevalence of frailty and association with patient centered outcomes: A prospective registry-embedded cohort study from India

“…Specific to India, frailty has been assessed in different contexts; in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) [ 30 ], in community-dwelling older adults [ 31 ], and in rural populations [ 32 ], and has been associated with worse outcomes. [ 33 ] Conventional determinants of frailty are age, sex, absence of social support, polypharmacy, multiple comorbidities, higher body mass index, and presence of psychological factors among others. [ 34 , 35 ] In our context, we hypothesized that additional factors such as SES and nutrition would have an impact on frailty.…”

RSSDI Clinical Practice Recommendations for the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus 2022

“…Sarcopenia is a part of frailty and means reduced muscle protein synthesis, a result of lower testosterone and IGF-1 and increased muscle protein breakdown due to chronic hyperglycemia and inflammation and is associated with insulin resistance. Frailty and its risk can be measured 1271,1272 . Management of frailty in diabetes includes optimal nutrition with adequate protein intake combined with an exercise program that includes aerobic, weight-bearing, and resistance training under medical supervision.…”

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Impairment in Intrinsic Capacity among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: An Observational Study from South India

“…Multiple studies from India have reported frailty in hospital and community settings [5][6][7][8]. Few studies from India have recently reported on IC as well [9,10].…”