Outcome of living unrelated (commercial) renal transplantation

Abstract

Besides the ongoing ethical debate, commercial transplantation carries a high risk of unconventional complications, and despite that the patient survival rate is comparable, graft survival is worse than conventional living related transplantations at the midterm.

The state of the international organ trade: a provisional picture based on integration of available information

“…[30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42] In some studies, mostly those based on small data sets, patient survival and graft survival rates are considerably lower than the internationally accepted standard; in other studies, they are shown to be comparable with local results. Confounding factors -e.g.…”

“…[30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41] Moreover, one study from the United Kingdom reports that patients who had been suspended from the local transplant list for medical reasons were operated on abroad. 33 These factors seem to indicate the existence of substandard medical practices.…”

Living‐donor kidney retransplantation: risk factors and outcome

“…This high graft survival rate achieved with living donors sharing no HLA chromosomes with recipients shows that HLA incompatibility can be overcome by immunosuppression [25]. In one study from Alabama, Gaston et al [26] compared tripledrug therapy with guardable-drug therapy. noting that the immunosuppressive protocol did not affect graft survival.…”

Key issues in transplant tourism

“…It is important that accurate data on outcomes of transplants carried out abroad are known so that patients can be counselled about such activity [24,42] . The outcome of recipients of organs through TT is reported to be inferior to those transplanted under ethically more acceptable conditions (Table 2) [5,6,23,25,[41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54] .…”

“…Transplants performed in less than ideal circumstances are characterised by inadequate pretransplant evaluation, general lack of information about peri-operative issues, immunosuppression and long term outcome. Despite these factors, there are numerous reports indicating that TT is associated with a high incidence of surgical complications, acute rejection and invasive infection which cause major morbidity and mortality [5,23,25,29,43,44,46,49,50,51,[55][56][57][58] .…”