Outcome of children with edge-everted traumatic tympanic membrane perforations following spontaneous healing versus fibroblast growth factor-containing gelfoam patching with or without edge repair

Epithelial pearl formation following tympanic membrane regeneration therapy using an atelocollagen/silicone membrane and basic fibroblast growth factor: Our experience from a retrospective study of one hundred sixteen patients

“…Cutting the silicon membrane to fit the shape and size of the tympanic membrane perforation allows the silicon membrane to fit tightly to the tympanic membrane without fibrin glue, while also allowing atelocollagen to be immobilised to the perforation. The addition of basic fibroblast growth factor to atelocollagen is expected to improve the rate of successful closure of perforated tympanic membranes and extend the treatment indications …”

“…The addition of basic fibroblast growth factor to atelocollagen is expected to improve the rate of successful closure of perforated tympanic membranes and extend the treatment indications. 1,2,5 Postoperative epithelial pearl formation was observed in seven patients (6%), six of whom had lesions in the tympanic membrane. Incomplete dissection of the tympanic epithelial layer and the presence of graft tissue, such as fascia, on the remaining keratinised epithelium during the formation of the tympanic membrane may result in the formation of an epithelial pearl between the neotympanic membrane and the original tympanic membrane.…”

A pilot study investigating basic fibroblast growth factor for the repair of chronic tympanic membrane perforations in pediatric patients

“…The bFGF regeneration technique has been reported to be safe [9,10], simple and cost-effective, with benefits over conventional surgical treatment [9,11] and high rates of success. [9,10,12].…”

Use of ambulatory anesthesia with manually assisted ventilation for tympanic membrane regeneration therapy in children

“…The addition of bFGF [5], a growth factor that stimulates neovascularisation and the proliferation of epidermal and connective tissue cells [6], should improve the rate of successful closure of perforated TMs and extend the treatment indications [7][8][9][10]. Lou et al reported that the direct application of FGF improved healing and shortened the closure time of acute traumatic perforations [5].…”

“…The addition of bFGF [5], a growth factor that stimulates neovascularisation and the proliferation of epidermal and connective tissue cells [6], should improve the rate of successful closure of perforated TMs and extend the treatment indications [7][8][9][10]. Lou et al reported that the direct application of FGF improved healing and shortened the closure time of acute traumatic perforations [5]. For chronic TM perforations, however, mechanical disruption of the edge of the perforation is required to stimulate the activity of TM stem cells [10], because the outer squamous epithelium of the TM grows medially around the edge of the perforation contacting the inner mucosal layer and acts as a limiting healing barrier on the middle connective tissue layer, preventing closure of the perforation [11].…”