Outcome and characteristics of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest according to location of arrest: A report from a large-scale, population-based study in Osaka, Japan

Analysis of reasons for emergency call delays in Japan in relation to location: High incidence of correctable causes and the impact of delays on patient outcomes

“…As reported previously [9,17,18], OHCAs witnessed by bystanders and those occurring in public places were less commonly associated with call delay. These two factors have been identified as major factors associated with survival of OHCAs, suggesting that emergency call without delay contributes to the good outcome of OHCAs witnessed in public places.…”

Characteristics and Outcomes of Bath-Related Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in Japan

“…A previous report from Osaka Prefecture showed that 36% of OHCAs were witnessed by bystanders in private residences and 47% in public settings. 39 Thus, it might be difficult for the general public to recognize cardiac arrests during immersion in bathtubs, even in public bath houses.…”

The daily incidence of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest unexpectedly increases around New Year's Day in Japan

“…The new framework also suggests that information about the location of arrest and whether bystanders are present should be provided. As pointed out by some reports 6,17 , more than two-thirds of OHCA cases are found at the patient's house, so the suggested additional information will allow us to undertake more detailed investigations regarding factors related to the incidence of OHCA. It will open up new opportunities to enhance our preventive epidemiological research as well as improve the present emergency protocol for OHCA in the near future.…”

“…Accordingly, several studies have investigated the extent to which the chances of resuscitation and survival vary over different conditions [6][7][8][9][10] including the types of symptoms, treatment provided [11][12][13] , patients' attributes 14,15 and situations 5,[16][17][18][19][20] . These previous studies have mostly utilized monthly observations of OHCA cases that had already occurred to investigate outcomes in relation to emergency care procedures.…”