Outbreaks of meningococcal B infection and the 4CMenB vaccine: historical and future perspectives

Whelan, Jane; Bambini, Stefania; Biolchi, Alessia; Brunelli, Brunella; Holle, Mirna Robert–Du Ry van Beest

doi:10.1586/14760584.2015.1004317

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 135 publications

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“…4CMenB is also approved in the USA, since 2015, for use in individuals aged 10–25 years old as a two-dose schedule. It has been used there to control outbreaks at universities [ 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 ].…”

Section: Meningococcal Protein-based Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccines against Meningococcal Diseases

Pizza¹,

Bekkat-Berkani

Rappuoli³

2020

Microorganisms

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Neisseria meningitidis is the main cause of meningitis and sepsis, potentially life-threatening conditions. Thanks to advancements in vaccine development, vaccines are now available for five out of six meningococcal disease-causing serogroups (A, B, C, W, and Y). Vaccination programs with monovalent meningococcal serogroup C (MenC) conjugate vaccines in Europe have successfully decreased MenC disease and carriage. The use of a monovalent MenA conjugate vaccine in the African meningitis belt has led to a near elimination of MenA disease. Due to the emergence of non-vaccine serogroups, recommendations have gradually shifted, in many countries, from monovalent conjugate vaccines to quadrivalent MenACWY conjugate vaccines to provide broader protection. Recent real-world effectiveness of broad-coverage, protein-based MenB vaccines has been reassuring. Vaccines are also used to control meningococcal outbreaks. Despite major improvements, meningococcal disease remains a global public health concern. Further research into changing epidemiology is needed. Ongoing efforts are being made to develop next-generation, pentavalent vaccines including a MenACWYX conjugate vaccine and a MenACWY conjugate vaccine combined with MenB, which are expected to contribute to the global control of meningitis.

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Section: Meningococcal Protein-based Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccines against Meningococcal Diseases

Pizza¹,

Bekkat-Berkani

Rappuoli³

2020

Microorganisms

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“…MnB vaccines have been used (in consultation with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration) before approval in some of the U.S. outbreaks described here [108,109] and were associated with halting of the outbreak. Laboratory analysis indicates that antisera from subjects vaccinated with bivalent rLP2086 are bactericidal for MnB isolates from recent university outbreaks in the United States [112], and pooled sera from adolescents and infants vaccinated with 4CMenB are bactericidal for strains associated with recent IMD outbreaks worldwide [113].…”

Section: Recent Meningococcal Outbreaksmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Global Evolution of Meningococcal Epidemiology Following the Introduction of Meningococcal Vaccines

Pelton¹

2016

Journal of Adolescent Health

159

156

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Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) caused by Neisseria meningitidis is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Although IMD incidence is highest in infants, a second peak occurs in adolescents/young adults. The incidence of IMD and the predominant disease-causing meningococcal serogroups vary worldwide. Epidemiologic data have guided the development of meningococcal vaccines to reduce the IMD burden. In Europe, serogroup C IMD has been substantially reduced since the introduction of a serogroup C conjugate vaccine. Serogroup B predominates in Europe, although cases of serogroup Y IMD have been increasing in recent years. In the United States, declines in serogroup C and Y disease have been observed in association with the introduction of quadrivalent (serogroups ACWY) meningococcal conjugate vaccines; serogroup B persists and is now the most common cause of outbreak associated disease. In the African meningitis belt, a conjugate vaccine for serogroup A has been effective in decreasing meningitis associated with that serogroup. Outbreaks of the previously rare serogroup X disease have been reported in this region since 2006. In recent years, outbreaks of serogroup B IMD, for which vaccines have only recently been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency, have occurred in Europe and the United States. Targeting meningococcal vaccination to adolescents/young adults may reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with IMD and has the potential to impact the larger community through herd benefits.

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“…The recent spread of MenX, considered a clone able to cause only sporadic cases until 10 years ago, and serogroup Y in the African Meningitis Belt and in several European and American countries respectively, demonstrates the need to increase the disease surveillance [169].…”

Section: Expert Commentarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Neisseria meningitidisinfection: who, when and where?

Gianchecchi

Torelli

Piccini

et al. 2015

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy

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Neisseria meningitidis is a Gram-negative β-proteobacterium responsible for an endemic worldwide infection. The epidemiology and serogroup distribution can change very quickly. The incidence of meningitis infection varies from very rare to more than 1000 cases per 100,000 of the population yearly. The carriage of N. meningitidis, which represents an exclusive human commensal, is asymptomatic, but in rare cases bacteria proliferate in the CNS and rapidly lead to the death of the affected subjects. Host genetic factors, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms, can promote meningococcal disease, being able to influence the individual predisposition to the pathology. Although a reduction in meningococcal disease has been observed in Europe, a continuous surveillance is necessary to control any possible outbreaks of new hypervirulent clones into populations that could modify the epidemiology of meningococcal infections and the clinical spectrum of affected subjects.

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Outbreaks of meningococcal B infection and the 4CMenB vaccine: historical and future perspectives

Cited by 21 publications

References 135 publications

Vaccines against Meningococcal Diseases

Vaccines against Meningococcal Diseases

The Global Evolution of Meningococcal Epidemiology Following the Introduction of Meningococcal Vaccines

Neisseria meningitidisinfection: who, when and where?

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