Outbreaks of Duck Hepatitis A Virus in Egyptian Duckling Flocks

Mansour, S.; Mohamed, Fakry F.; ElBakrey, Reham M.; Eid, Amal A.M.; Mor, Sunil K.; Goyal, Sagar M.

doi:10.1637/11975-092118-reg.1

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The current study isolates clustered with the previously reported Egyptian and Chinese virulent viruses into genetic group 4 (16). Subgrouping of Egyptian DHAV-1 strains into A, B1, B2, and C groups according to their geographic distribution was reported (18); however, we could not define a specific geographic correlation of the isolated DHAV-1 strains. This is probably due to the uncontrolled bird movement across all the Egyptian provinces.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

“…DHAV-1 disease continues to be a threat to duck farms because of the high mortality associated with the disease which often exceeds 50% and can reach 95% under field conditions (18,29). In this study, we investigated DHAV in suspected duck farms and backyards in five provinces in Egypt.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Egypt, though DHAV-1 was detected in clinical samples collected from Muscovy ducklings with mortality rates of 15-50%, all the isolated strains belonged to the genetic group 4 (i.e., not variant). The pathogenicity of the virus isolates was not evaluated (16,18). Therefore, in the current study, we conducted an experimental pathogenicity model in day-old Pekin and Muscovy ducklings using two DHAV-1 strains belonging to the genetic group 4 (MK510859 and MK510860).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The analyses showed that Egyptian DHAV-1 isolates have been clustered into genetic group 4 with virulent Chinese strains (17). Lately, the Egyptian DHAV-1 isolates were classified into three subgroups (A, B, and C) under genetic group 4 based on their geographical distribution (18). DHAV-1 infection had only been associated with acute disease in Mallard and Pekin ducklings (19).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative Pathogenicity of Duck Hepatitis A Virus-1 Isolates in Experimentally Infected Pekin and Muscovy Ducklings

Hisham¹,

Ellakany

Selim³

et al. 2020

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative Pathogenicity of Duck Hepatitis A Virus-1 Isolates in Experimentally Infected Pekin and Muscovy Ducklings

Hisham¹,

Ellakany

Selim³

et al. 2020

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…Despite DHAV causes devastating losses in the duck industry for decades within the African and Middle East countries, including Egypt, there is little information available on the disease prevalence. The high mortality rate associated with the DHAV-1 outbreaks, which is often over 50% and can exceed up to 95% in field conditions, continues to be a threat to duck farms [ 12 , 25 ]. The infection severity for young ducklings with DHAV is mainly age-dependent due to their immune system immaturity, which is unable to protect them from virus infection and replication [ 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the Genetic Evolution of Duck Hepatitis A Virus in Egypt

Rohaim

Naggar

Abdelsabour

et al. 2021

Animals

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Duck hepatitis virus (DHV) is one of the commercially important diseases of ducklings worldwide. It is an acute and highly infectious disease of ducklings caused by three different serotypes (1–3) of duck hepatitis A virus (DHAV), and serotype 1 is the most common in poultry. To date, little is known about the prevalence and genetic characterisation of DHAV-1 in Egypt. In the current study, isolation and complete genomic analyses of DHAVs circulating in commercial duck farms in different Egyptian governorates were conducted. A total of eighteen samples were collected from six Egyptian governorates of 3–11 days old ducklings (Pekin and Mullard) with a history of nervous signs and high mortality rates. Five out of eighteen (5/18) samples were screened positive for the DHAV-1 based on the VP1 gene. These samples were individually used for virus isolation in embryonated duck embryos (EDE), followed by complete genome sequencing. Phylogenomic analyses showed that DHAV serotype I; genotype I were diversified into four different groups (1, 2, 3 and 4). Most of the recent circulating Egyptian DHAV strains are clustered within group 4, while isolates characterised within this study were clustered within group 1. Recombination analyses revealed that the emergence of a new recombinant virus—DHAV-1 strain Egypt-10/2019—through recombination. Likewise, the selective pressure analyses showed the existence, inside or near areas of the viral attachment or related functions, of positive scores highlighting the importance of natural selection and viral evolution mechanism at different protein domains. The findings of this study provide updated information on the epidemiological and genetic features of DHAV-1 strains and underscore the importance of DHAV surveillance as well as re-evaluation for currently used vaccines.

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