“…Q fever is a zoonotic infection caused by the bacterium Coxiella burnettii that occurs worldwide. Q fever has been endemic in Israel for many years; several superimposed outbreaks have occurred in the past 2 decades (1)(2)(3).…”
“…Q fever is a zoonotic infection caused by the bacterium Coxiella burnettii that occurs worldwide. Q fever has been endemic in Israel for many years; several superimposed outbreaks have occurred in the past 2 decades (1)(2)(3).…”
“…Nevertheless, the high seroprevalence rate we found seems to correlate with reported ongoing and increasing incidence of the disease, as reflected in clinical reports in the national surveillance (1) (Appendix Figure). The increase in incidence observed in recent years had been preceded by several outbreaks reported in different areas (18)(19)(20).…”
We evaluated Q fever prevalence in blood donors and assessed the epidemiologic features of the disease in Israel in 2021. We tested serum samples for
Coxeilla burnetii
phase I and II IgG using immunofluorescent assay, defining a result of
>
200 as seropositive. We compared geographic and demographic data. We included 1,473 participants; 188 (12.7%) were seropositive. The calculated sex- and age-adjusted national seroprevalence was 13.9% (95% CI 12.2%–15.7%). Male sex and age were independently associated with seropositivity (odds ratio [OR] 1.6, 95% CI 1.1–2.2; p = 0.005 for male sex; OR 1.2, 95% CI 1.01–1.03; p<0.001 for age). Residence in the coastal plain was independently associated with seropositivity for Q fever (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.2–2.3; p<0.001); residence in rural and farming regions was not. Q fever is highly prevalent in Israel. The unexpected spatial distribution in the nonrural coastal plain suggests an unrecognized mode of transmission.
“…Certain occupations are associated with increased risk for exposure to C. burnetii, as might their associated institutions and businesses. Multiple Q fever outbreaks have been reported among workers in slaughterhouses, farms, animal research facilities, military units, and, rarely, hospitals and diagnostic laboratories (12,(151)(152)(153)(154)(155)(156). Employees in high-risk occupations should be educated about the risk for exposure and the clinical presentation of Q fever.…”
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