Outbreak of Pneumocystis jirovecii Infection Among Heart Transplant Recipients: Molecular Investigation and Management of an Interhuman Transmission

Vindrios, William; Argy, Nicolas; Gal, Solène Le; Lescure, François-Xavier; Massias, Laurent; Lê, Minh Patrick; Wolff, Michel; Yazdanpanah, Yazdan; Nevez, Gilles; Houzé, Sandrine; Dorent, Richard; Lucet, Jean‐Christophe

doi:10.1093/cid/cix495

Cited by 34 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…LncRNA-DANCR has been reported to be a potential biomarker for osteoporosis [9]. Another lncRNA MEG3 has been demonstrated to suppress osteogenic differentiation; at the same time, lncRNA CCATI/ miR-148a and lncRNA LINC01133 have been shown to influence the process of proliferation in cases of osteosarcoma [10,11]. Studies have highlighted a correlation between the Notch signaling pathway and Haju-Cheney syndrome, a disorder that results in osteoporosis [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LncRNA LINC00311 Promotes the Proliferation and Differentiation of Osteoclasts in Osteoporotic Rats Through the Notch Signaling Pathway by Targeting DLL3

Wang¹,

Luo²,

Liu³

et al. 2018

Cell Physiol Biochem

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Background/Aims: Osteoporosis is a commonly occurring condition marked by a loss of bone density. Previous evidence has highlighted the roles played by microRNAs as potential treatment tools for the disease. At present, the influence of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) on the progression of osteoporosis remains largely unclear. Thus, an investigation was conducted into the target relationship between LINC00311, which has been reported to be highly expressed in osteoporosis, and delta-like 3 (DLL3), which is involved in the Notch signaling pathway, in connection with a series of bioinformatic methods. An osteoporotic rat model was established by means of ovariectomy (OVX) to evaluate the influence exerted by DLL3-binding LINC00311 on osteoclasts through the Notch signaling pathway. Methods: Osteoclasts were extracted from osteoporotic rats and transfected with the LINC00311-vector, shRNA-LINC00311, Notch activator, or a combination of the Notch activator and LINC00311-vector. Western blotting and RT-qPCR techniques were applied to determine the expression levels of LINC00311, DLL3, Notch1, Notch2, Jagged1, Hes-1 and TRAP in tissues and cells, while cell activity was detected by MTT assay. The cell cycle as well as the rate of apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The successfully established osteoporotic rats were designated into the OVX-siRNA, OVX-LINC00311 and OVX-control groups to observe the effects of LINC00311 on the proliferation and differentiation of osteoclasts. Results: Cells transfected with the LINC00311-vector exhibited increased expression levels of Notch2 and TRPA as well as increased cell activity, while decreased expression levels of DLL3, Notch1, Jagged1 and Hes-1, along with a decreased cell apoptosis rate, were observed. The opposite tendencies of these parameters were observed in the cells treated with shRNA-LINC00311. A key observation was made when the Notch signaling pathway was activated, in that the cell activity was decreased while the rate of apoptosis increased. In comparison with the OVX-control group, the expression levels of LINC00311, Notch2 and TRAP as well as the positive expression rate of TRAP all exhibited reductions, while those of DLL3, Jagged1 and Notch1 were elevated in the OVX-siRNA group. Compared with those in the sham group, in the OVX-control and OVX-LINC00311 groups, LINC00311 and the expression levels of Notch2 and TRAP were increased; however, decreased levels of DLL3, Jagged1 and Notch1 were noted. Conclusions: Taken together, the key findings of the present study suggest that LINC00311 induces proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of osteoclasts via the regulation of the Notch signaling pathway by inhibiting DLL3 expression, ultimately demonstrating that LINC00311 and its target gene DLL3 may serve as independent factors in cases of osteoporosis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LncRNA LINC00311 Promotes the Proliferation and Differentiation of Osteoclasts in Osteoporotic Rats Through the Notch Signaling Pathway by Targeting DLL3

Wang¹,

Luo²,

Liu³

et al. 2018

Cell Physiol Biochem

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“…24,25 Considering Maitte and colleagues' proposal for P. jirovecii genotyping and our skill in this area, we chose to analyze the mtLSU, CYB and SOD loci. 15,17 The discriminatory power of the typing system increased from the unilocus approach through the bilocus approach to the MLST method. These results were expected, considering recommendations of MLST for microorganism typing methods published elsewhere.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three loci, mtLSUrRNA, cytochrome b (CYB) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) genes were analyzed, as we previously described. 15 First, a single-round PCR was performed for each locus, as described elsewhere. [16][17][18][19] A nested PCR was performed for SOD locus, as previously described on samples that failed to give amplification with a single-round PCR.…”

Section: Pneumocystis Genotypingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pneumocystis primary infection in infancy: Additional French data and review of the literature

et al. 2019

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Data on features of Pneumocystis primary infection in infancy are still fragmented. To study Pneumocystis primary infection, 192 infants who were monitored for acute pulmonary disease or fever over a 40-month period were retrospectively investigated. P. jirovecii detection on archival nasopharyngeal aspirates was performed using a qPCR assay. Factors associated with P. jirovecii were assessed using univariate and multivariate analyses. P. jirovecii genotypes in infants and a control group of adults contemporaneously diagnosed with Pneumocystis pneumonia were identified using unilocus, bilocus, and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). P. jirovecii was detected in 35 infants (18.2%). The univariate analysis pointed out four factors: viral infection (P = .035, OR [IC 95], 2.2 [1.1-4.7]), lower respiratory tract infection (P = .032, OR [IC 95], 2.5 [1.1-5.9]), absence of hospital discharge after birth (P = .003, OR (IC 95), 0.1 (0.02-0.5]), and the 63-189-day group (P < .001, OR [IC 95],). The multivariate analysis confirmed these two latter factors (P = .02, OR [IC 95], 0.1 [0.02-0.72]; P = .005, OR [IC 95], 11.5 [2.1-63.5]). Thus, P. jirovecii acquisition mostly takes place in the community. A comparison of these data with those of previously published studies showed that median and interquartile range of positive-infant ages were close to those observed in Chile, Denmark, and Peru, highlighting similar characteristics. Common unilocus or bilocus genotypes were identified in infants and adults, whereas no MLST genotypes were shared. Therefore, a common reservoir made up of infected infants and adults is still hypothetical. Finally, primary infection is a worldwide phenomenon occurring at the same time in childhood regardless of geographical location, rather than an incidental event.

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“…One important notion that has emerged is that comorbidities might not occur prematurely in HIV-positive persons but perhaps at an increased rate; hence, “accentuated” might be the more appropriate term than “accelerated” aging in HIV-positive persons [50]. Along these lines, HIV-positive persons also seem to take more comedications than the general population [36, 51]. …”

Section: Hiv: More Comorbidities and More Frailty But Frailty Assessmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV and Aging – Perhaps Not as Dramatic as We Feared?

et al. 2018

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Ever since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (ART) in 1995, HIV infection has been linked to “metabolic” complications (insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, osteoporosis, and others). Studies suggested increased rates of myocardial infarction, renal insufficiency, neurocognitive dysfunction, and fractures in HIV-postitive patients. Even long-term suppression of HIV seemed to be accompanied by an excess of deleterious inflammation that could promote these complications. The aims of this viewpoint paper are to summarize recent data and to examine the possibility that the problem of aging-related morbidity in HIV might not be as dramatic as previously believed.

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Outbreak of Pneumocystis jirovecii Infection Among Heart Transplant Recipients: Molecular Investigation and Management of an Interhuman Transmission

Cited by 34 publications

References 30 publications

LncRNA LINC00311 Promotes the Proliferation and Differentiation of Osteoclasts in Osteoporotic Rats Through the Notch Signaling Pathway by Targeting DLL3

LncRNA LINC00311 Promotes the Proliferation and Differentiation of Osteoclasts in Osteoporotic Rats Through the Notch Signaling Pathway by Targeting DLL3

Pneumocystis primary infection in infancy: Additional French data and review of the literature

HIV and Aging – Perhaps Not as Dramatic as We Feared?

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