Outbreak of Chlamydophila pneumoniae infection in long-term care facilities and an affiliated hospital

Miyashita, Naoyuki; Ouchi, Kazunobu; Shoji, Hisashi; Obase, Yasushi; Fukuda, Minoru; Yoshida, Koichiro; Niki, Yoshihito; Oka, M.

doi:10.1099/jmm.0.46191-0

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…They speculated that one reason for the high frequency was an outbreak of C. pneumoniae infection in a nursing home. Outbreaks of C. pneumoniae in nursing homes and long-term care facilities reported in previous studies support this assumption (31,32). In fact, during our study period, an outbreak of C. pneumoniae occurred among residents in a care home.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Clinical Features and the Role of Atypical Pathogens in Nursing and Healthcare-associated Pneumonia (NHCAP): Differences between a Teaching University Hospital and a Community Hospital

et al. 2012

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Objective The Japan Respiratory Society documented a new category of guidelines for nursing and healthcare-associated pneumonia (NHCAP), which is distinct from community acquired pneumonia (CAP). The objective of this study was to determine the epidemiological differences between NHCAP patients in a teaching university hospital and a community hospital. In addition, to clarify the strategy for treatment of NHCAP, we investigated the role of atypical pathogens. Methods We analyzed 250 NHCAP and 421 CAP cases in a university hospital and 349 NHCAP and 374 CAP cases in a community hospital. Results Patient age and the incidences of poor general condition were significantly higher in the community hospital compared with those in the university hospital. The distribution and frequency of pathogens, especially multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens, were significantly different between the two hospitals. Central nervous system disorders, dementia and poor performance status, which was possibility related to aspiration pneumonia, were significantly more frequent in patients with NHCAP compared with those with CAP in both hospitals. Atypical pathogens were detected in a few cases in patients with NHCAP. Conclusion There were many differences in the clinical characteristics between NHCAP patients in a university hospital and a community hospital even for hospitals located in the same area. Aspiration pneumonia was thought to be the main characteristic of NHCAP in both hospitals. Thus, all NHCAP patients did not need the same empiric therapy with a multidrug regimen directed against MDR pathogens. In addition, physicians rarely need to consider atypical pathogens in NHCAP treatment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Clinical Features and the Role of Atypical Pathogens in Nursing and Healthcare-associated Pneumonia (NHCAP): Differences between a Teaching University Hospital and a Community Hospital

et al. 2012

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“…This report summarizes the largest C. pneumoniae outbreak confirmed by qPCR. The long duration of the outbreak (over 4 months) is consistent with C. pneumoniae outbreaks described in military barracks [17,18] and contrasts with the shorter duration (1-2 months) often seen in long-term care facilities [6,7]. The attack rates seen in this prison were lower than the median reported among long-term care facilities (46%), possibly due to lower prevalence of comorbid conditions as this facility was rated care level 2 by the BOP, and inmates did not have medical conditions that required more than routine appointments for monitoring [8].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…Chlamydia pneumoniae is endemic world-wide. Outbreaks occur periodically and without a clear seasonal pattern, primarily in close-contact settings among high-risk populations such as in long-term care facilities [6][7][8]. Chlamydia pneumoniae is frequently detected alongside other respiratory pathogens, making its role as a primary disease-causing pathogen unclear [9][10][11].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of a Chlamydia pneumoniae Outbreak in a Federal Correctional Facility in Texas

Conklin

Adjemian

Loo

et al. 2013

Clinical Infectious Diseases

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“…20,22 Outbreaks of respiratory illness due to atypical bacteria, specifically C. pneumoniae, have been reported in nursing homes worldwide and are often characterized by high attack rates due to its airborne transmission. [39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49] Thus, the high rate of C. pneumoniae among all patients in the 2008 and 2010 Maruyama et al studies could be the result of a C. pneumoniae outbreak. Yet in their 2010 study, Maruyama and colleagues reported an even distribution of atypical bacteria at Kinan General Hospital during the June 2004 and May 2005 study period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Atypical Bacteria in Hospitalized Patients with Nursing Home-Acquired Pneumonia

Meyer‐Junco

2016

Hosp Pharm

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Nursing home-acquired pneumonia (NHAP) has been identified as one of the leading causes of mortality and hospitalization for long-term care residents. However, current and previous pneumonia guidelines differ on the appropriate management of NHAP in hospitalized patients, specifically in regard to the role of atypical bacteria such as Chlamydiae pneumonia, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Legionella. The purpose of this review is to evaluate clinical trials conducted in hospitalized patients with NHAP to determine the prevalence of atypical bacteria and thus the role for empiric antibiotic coverage of these pathogens in NHAP. Comprehensive MEDLINE (1966-April 2016) and Embase (1980-April 2016) searches were performed using the terms "atypical bacteria", "atypical pneumonia", "nursing-home acquired pneumonia", "pneumonia", "elderly", "nursing homes", and "long term care". Additional articles were retrieved from the review of references cited in the collected studies. Thirteen published clinical trials were identified. In the majority of studies, atypical bacteria were infrequently identified in patients hospitalized with NHAP. However, when an active community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) cohort was available, the rate of atypical bacteria between NHAP and CAP study arms was similar. Only 3 studies in this review adhered to recommended strategies for investigating atypical bacteria; in 2 of these studies, C. pneumoniae was the most common pathogen identified in NHAP cohorts. Although atypical bacteria were uncommon in most NHAP studies in this review, suboptimal microbial investigations were commonly performed. To accurately describe the role of atypical bacteria in NHAP, more studies using validated diagnostic tests are needed.

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Outbreak of Chlamydophila pneumoniae infection in long-term care facilities and an affiliated hospital

Cited by 9 publications

References 14 publications

Clinical Features and the Role of Atypical Pathogens in Nursing and Healthcare-associated Pneumonia (NHCAP): Differences between a Teaching University Hospital and a Community Hospital

Clinical Features and the Role of Atypical Pathogens in Nursing and Healthcare-associated Pneumonia (NHCAP): Differences between a Teaching University Hospital and a Community Hospital

Investigation of a Chlamydia pneumoniae Outbreak in a Federal Correctional Facility in Texas

Role of Atypical Bacteria in Hospitalized Patients with Nursing Home-Acquired Pneumonia

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