Outbreak of African swine fever in South Korea, 2019

Kim, Hyun‐Joo; Cho, Ki‐Hyun; Lee, Ji-Soo; Kim, Da‐Young; Nah, Jin‐Ju; Kim, Hyun‐Jeong; Kim, Hyojin; Hwang, Jeong Hyun; Sohn, Hyun‐Joo; Choi, Jun‐Gu; Kang, Hae‐Eun; Kim, Yong Joo

doi:10.1111/tbed.13483

Cited by 72 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…As reported to OIE, North Korea detected ASF in a pig farm (in Jagang‐do province) on 25 May 2019. ASF reached South Korea in September 2019, and the virus strain (Korea/Pig/Paju1/2019) belonged to the p72 genotype II with an intergenic region II variant identical to those of strains observed in Europe and China (Ge et al, 2018; Kim et al, 2020). South Korea is the only Asian country where, like in Europe, ASF is spreading in Eurasian wild boar ( Sus scrofa ) populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

African swine fever in wild boar, South Korea, 2019

Gortázar

2020

Transbound Emerg Dis

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South Korea is the only Asian country where African swine fever (ASF) is spreading in wild boar (Sus scrofa) populations. This rapid communication describes the situation of ASF in South Korea since its first detection on 17 September 2019 with special attention to ASF dynamics and management in wild boar. Since the first case in a wild boar was detected on 2 October 2019, a total of 86 wild boar have been confirmed as infected by PCR until 18 January 2020, and the monthly number of cases has been growing from October 2019 to January 2020. Interventions to limit ASF spread among wild boar in South Korea consist in fencing, population control and carcass search and disposal. The confirmed ASF‐infected sites are immediately fenced, and a three‐layer fencing system has been deployed to avoid southward spread of ASF. Hunting and trapping allowed culling 2,623 wild boar on 2,414 km2 (1.08/km2), and a total of 889 wild boar carcasses were detected and destroyed. Unfortunately, mine fields impose constraints to effective carcass search, impeding effective quantification of cases and carcass destruction in parts of the infected zone and generating a unique epidemiological setting.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

African swine fever in wild boar, South Korea, 2019

Gortázar

2020

Transbound Emerg Dis

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“…The collection was performed jointly by the Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency (APQA) and the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC), APQA alone, or a private company (Biogenoci Ltd.) under consignment by APQA for the collection service. Laboratory tests for the detection of ASFV-DNA were conducted by APQA using RT-PCR according to the method described in previous studies by APQA [Kim et al, 2019;Kim et al, 2020]. Raw data on the insect collection and laboratory tests were derived from the government official document system of Korea.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, there has been a drastic increase the affected areas, worldwide especially in Europe and Asia. Since the first notification of suspect cases at a pig farm in Paju, Gyeonggi-do Province, on September 16, 2019, the ASF outbreak had been confirmed in a total of 14 pig farms by October 9, 2019, in Gyeonggi-do (Paju, Yeoncheon, and Gimpo) and Incheon Metropolitan City (Ganghwa) in the Republic of Korea (South Korea, hereafter Korea) [Kim et al, 2020]. On October 3, 2019, the ASF virus (ASFV) was first detected in a wild boar found dead in the demilitarized zone facing the border of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) [Jo & Gotyazar, 2020], and the documentation of ASF cases in wild boars continued until April 2020 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insects as potential vectors of African swine fever virus in the Republic of Korea

Yoon¹,

Hong²,

Lee³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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African swine fever (ASF) is a fatal disease in swine. Concentration of cases over summer and outbreaks in farms with high levels of biosecurity might support the hypothesis of ASF virus transmission via insects. A total of 28,718 insects were collected from 14 pig farms affected by ASF in the Republic of Korea. The insects collected were flies (N = 27,310, 95.1%), mosquitoes (N = 1,198, 4.2%), and cockroaches (N = 24, 0.1%). The remaining 0.6% (N = 186) could not be taxonomically classified.All the insects collected showed no trace of ASF Virus-DNA was detected by laboratory analysis. It is premature to conclude on the role of insects in the transmission of ASFV. However, the possibility of the virus spreading via insects should not be overlooked.

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“…It was not unusual for pigs at the farm to show poor appetite due to fever, so the pigs were treated with antibiotics and metabolic boosters on two days (September 13 and 15). At 8 a.m. September 16, one day after the second antibiotic injection, three of the 5 sows were dead [77]. As it was unusual for three sows to die at the same time, the farmer called the veterinarian who was on a business trip and unavailable.…”

Section: Asf Outbreaks In South Koreamentioning

confidence: 99%

African swine fever: Etiology, epidemiological status in Korea, and perspective on control

Yoo

Kim

Lee³

et al. 2020

J Vet Sci

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African swine fever (ASF), caused by the ASF virus, a member of the Asfarviridae family, is one of the most important diseases in the swine industry due to its clinical and economic impacts. Since the first report of ASF a century ago, ample information has become available, but prevention and treatment measures are still inadequate. Two waves of epizootic outbreaks have occurred worldwide. While the first wave of the epizootic outbreak was controlled in most of the infected areas, the second wave is currently active in the European and Asian continents, causing severe economic losses to the pig industry. There are different patterns of spreading in the outbreaks between those in European and Asian countries. Prevention and control of ASF are very difficult due to the lack of available vaccines and effective therapeutic measures. However, recent outbreaks in South Korea have been successfully controlled on swine farms, although feral pigs are periodically being found to be positive for the ASF virus. Therefore, we would like to share our story regarding the preparation and application of control measures. The success in controlling ASF on farms in South Korea is largely due to the awareness and education of swine farmers and practitioners, the early detection of infected animals, the implementation of strict control policies by the government, and widespread sharing of information among stakeholders. Based on the experience gained from the outbreaks in South Korea, this review describes the current understanding of the ASF virus and its pathogenic mechanisms, epidemiology, and control.

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Outbreak of African swine fever in South Korea, 2019

Cited by 72 publications

References 7 publications

African swine fever in wild boar, South Korea, 2019

African swine fever in wild boar, South Korea, 2019

Insects as potential vectors of African swine fever virus in the Republic of Korea

African swine fever: Etiology, epidemiological status in Korea, and perspective on control

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