Outbreak Investigation and Control of Brucellosis

Vasileva, Biserka I.; Karcheva, Milena; Birdanova, Vanya; Valkov, Metodi V.; Nikolov, Georgi N.; Valkov, Alexandar V.

doi:10.5272/jimab.2016223.1253

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Additional measures must be taken to prevent the endemic passage of the disease into the region and prevent the occurrence of other outbreaks. The only effective way to prevent brucellosis in humans to eliminate the animal reservoir [ 33 ]. This requires an integrated approach involving both human health services and veterinary services [ 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of a human brucellosis outbreak in Douz, Tunisia, 2018

Charaa

Ghrab²,

Othman³

et al. 2022

Epidemiol Health

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OBJECTIVES: In 2017, the incidence of human brucellosis in Tunisia was 9.8 per 100,000 population. In the Douz district, 2 cases were reported in March 2018. Prior to that date, the last indigenous cases to be reported in Douz had been in 2015. This study aimed to identify the source of this new contamination and recommend control interventions.METHODS: This case-control study included residents of Douz who presented with clinical symptoms of brucellosis and had a subsequent Wright test antibody titer ≥ 1/160. The controls were neighbors of the infected cases who had a negative Rose Bengal test. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to estimate the odds ratios of risk factors. Goats belonging to the cases and controls were actively screened.RESULTS: Twenty-five infected cases and 52 uninfected controls were enrolled. All infected cases had consumed goat milk and 92% had purchased it from the same breeder. Consumption of goat milk from this breeder (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 30.78; 95% confidence interval [CI], 6.47 to 235.91) and overall consumption of raw goat milk (aOR, 14.84; 95% CI, 2.04 to 310.44) were independent risk factors for brucellosis. The breeder had 18 goats, 5 of which were smuggled from a neighboring country. Three of those goats were diagnosed with brucellosis.CONCLUSIONS: Consumption of raw milk from smuggled sick goats was the main risk factor in this outbreak. The sick goats were slaughtered and an education campaign was conducted. Vaccination, control of cross-border animal movements, and control of goat milk sales must be strengthened to prevent the spread of brucellosis in southwestern Tunisia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of a human brucellosis outbreak in Douz, Tunisia, 2018

Charaa

Ghrab²,

Othman³

et al. 2022

Epidemiol Health

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“…The main reservoirs of bacteria are sheep, goat (B. melitensis), cattle (B. abortus), swine (B. suis), and dogs (B. canis). The most pathogenic Brucella specie is B. melitensis that occurs in the human population of all age groups and both sexes (1-3), and it is a major problem in many countries (4,5). The infection is transmitted to human through direct/indirect contact with infected animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Direct contact includes contact with contaminated tissue, aborted fetuses and placentas, blood, vaginal discharges, and urine, and indirect contact is through the consumption of raw meat, milk, and other dairy products (3,6). The main source of brucellosis for urban populations is indirect contact or food borne transmission (4). The symptoms of brucellosis in human are very diverse and non-specific and mainly affect the musculoskeletal system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brucellosis in Herat Province, Afghanistan: Epidemiological Status and Risk Factors

Abedi¹,

Salguqie²,

Alemzadeh³

2021

Shiraz E-Med J

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Background: Human brucellosis, also known as Malta fever, is an acute systemic zoonotic disease in several parts of the world. The most pathogenic Brucella specie is Brucella melitensis that occurs in the human population of all age groups and of both sexes. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate human Brucella infection in Afghanistan. Methods: The participants in this cross-sectional study were 44 patients diagnosed with Brucella infection during eight months and confirmed using Wright test by physicians of Iran Clinic Hospital. For data analysis, a statistical model was used through SPSS. Results: The most affected patients were female housewives (40.9%) and students (18.18%). The most frequent clinical manifestations were recurrent attacks of fever (95.34%), weight loss (81.39%), loss of appetite (79.06%), musculoskeletal pain (69.76%), boredom (67.44%), and lethargy (60.46%). A total of 41 (93.18%) patients mentioned the consumption of unpasteurized milk as the source of infection. Conclusions: The study results revealed that the main route of Brucella transmission in Afghanistan is the consumption of contaminated dairy products. The highest prevalence of brucellosis was observed among the young and middle-aged populations and housewives.

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Outbreak Investigation and Control of Brucellosis

Cited by 2 publications

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Investigation of a human brucellosis outbreak in Douz, Tunisia, 2018

Investigation of a human brucellosis outbreak in Douz, Tunisia, 2018

Brucellosis in Herat Province, Afghanistan: Epidemiological Status and Risk Factors

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