Out-of-Plane Focusing Grating Couplers for Silicon Photonics Integration With Optical MRAM Technology

Becker, Hanna; Krückel, Clemens J.; Thourhout, Dries Van; Heck, Martijn J. R.

doi:10.1109/jstqe.2019.2933805

Cited by 34 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…The problem is interesting from a fundamental perspective-to date, it is not clear how angular momentum is transferred between the spin and electron systems and the crystalline lattice on sub-picosecond time scales-but it is also technologically relevant, as using light to steer magnetization on sub-ps timescales might pave the way for ultrafast all-optical spintronics and data storage [8][9][10]. Recent developments illustrating the application potential of ultrafast optical excitations include, for example, the creation of artificial neural networks [11], or the demonstration that focusing grating couplers can be used for photonic-electronic integration with magnetoresistive random access memory technology [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-Resolved XUV Absorption Spectroscopy and Magnetic Circular Dichroism at the Ni M2,3-Edges

et al. 2020

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Ultrashort optical pulses can trigger a variety of non-equilibrium processes in magnetic thin films affecting electrons and spins on femtosecond timescales. In order to probe the charge and magnetic degrees of freedom simultaneously, we developed an X-ray streaking technique that has the advantage of providing a jitter-free picture of absorption cross-section changes. In this paper, we present an experiment based on this approach, which we performed using five photon probing energies at the Ni M2,3-edges. This allowed us to retrieve the absorption and magnetic circular dichroism time traces, yielding detailed information on transient modifications of electron and spin populations close to the Fermi level. Our findings suggest that the observed absorption and magnetic circular dichroism dynamics both depend on the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) probing wavelength, and can be described, at least qualitatively, by assuming ultrafast energy shifts of the electronic and magnetic elemental absorption resonances, as reported in recent work. However, our analysis also hints at more complex changes, highlighting the need for further experimental and theoretical studies in order to gain a thorough understanding of the interplay of electronic and spin degrees of freedom in optically excited magnetic thin films.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-Resolved XUV Absorption Spectroscopy and Magnetic Circular Dichroism at the Ni M2,3-Edges

et al. 2020

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“…The grating is an important component for integrating photonics, and there is extensive literature on the optimization of gratings for different needs, such as fiber coupling, 15 directly creating a focused beam, 24 or emitting a beam with low divergence. 25 Much of that work has been adapted for the optimization of grating for a LABS application.…”

Section: Source To Lens Couplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of lens-assisted beam steering methods

Spector

2022

J. Optical Microsystems

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Lens-assisted beam steering (LABS) has emerged as a promising solution for compact chip-based optical beam steering for light detection and ranging (LiDAR) applications. In a LABS system, light is steered within an integrated optical chip and emitted at a desired location. This emitted light is focused out into the scene with a lens, analogous to a camera operating in reverse. LABS systems offer many advantages compared to competing technologies such as solid-state reliability, simple control, compactness, and fast random access scanning. Different methods for LABS systems are described and compared. Most LABS systems demonstrated thus far have small arrays, and therefore, only offer a relatively small number of possible beam locations. It is important to understand how these systems will scale to the much larger arrays needed for a practical LiDAR system.

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“…It is almost a thousand times faster than switching based on spin transfer torque (STT) and spin orbit torque (SOT) 3 . It thus offers platforms to create ultrafast memories as well as bridging integration between spintronics and photonics 4,5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-low energy threshold engineering for all-optical switching of magnetization in dielectric-coated Co/Gd based synthetic-ferrimagnet

Li,

Peeters,

van Hees

et al. 2021

Preprint

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A femtosecond laser pulse is able to switch the magnetic state of a 3d-4f ferrimagnetic material on a picosecond time scale. Devices based on this all-optical switching (AOS) mechanism are competitive candidates for ultrafast memory applications. However, a large portion of the light energy is lost by reflection from the metal thin film as well as transmission to the substrate. In this paper, we explore the use of dielectric coatings to increase the light absorption by the magnetic metal layer based on the principle of constructive interference. We experimentally show that the switching energy oscillates with the dielectric layer thickness following the light interference profile as obtained from theoretical calculations. Furthermore, the switching threshold fluence can be reduced by at least 80% to 0.6 mJ/cm 2 using two dielectric SiO 2 layers sandwiching the metal stack, which scales to 15 fJ of incident energy for a cell size of 50 2 nm 2 .

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Out-of-Plane Focusing Grating Couplers for Silicon Photonics Integration With Optical MRAM Technology

Cited by 34 publications

References 31 publications

Time-Resolved XUV Absorption Spectroscopy and Magnetic Circular Dichroism at the Ni M2,3-Edges

Time-Resolved XUV Absorption Spectroscopy and Magnetic Circular Dichroism at the Ni M2,3-Edges

Review of lens-assisted beam steering methods

Ultra-low energy threshold engineering for all-optical switching of magnetization in dielectric-coated Co/Gd based synthetic-ferrimagnet

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