Out-of-plane flexure behaviour of fly ash-lime-gypsum brick masonry walls

Gourav, K.; Reddy, B. V. Venkatarama

doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.06.114

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Alternatively, experimental values stemming from four-point bending tests can also be employed [43]. Researchers have been investigating how various types, combinations, and reinforcements of mortar and masonry units can impact flexural strength [44][45][46][47][48][49]. This includes cement composites and FRP laminates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Lime on Strength of Structural Unreinforced Masonry: Toward Improved Sustainability in Masonry Mortars

Ramesh,

Parente,

Azenha

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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The choice of a sustainable construction material needs to take into account not just the environmental impact of the material, but according to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development by the UN, one also needs to consider ease of access, the utilization of locally available materials, and the durability and reliability of the construction itself. Mortared masonry has been used around the world for several hundred years as an accessible type of construction. In masonry mortars, lime and cement are often integrated together for combined advantages: enhanced workability, breathability, and better environmental performance due to the former, and higher strength and shorter setting duration due to the latter. However, despite being extensively studied for their effects on the mechanical properties of mortar, not much is known about the impact of varying lime and cement ratios in the binder on the mechanical performance of masonry as a whole. Variations in the properties of mortars do not always have a significant impact on the mechanical behavior of masonry structures. Therefore, this article details an experimental campaign to measure the compressive strength, E-modulus, flexural strength, and shear bond strength of masonry samples containing two distinct lime–cement mortars (1:2:9 and 1:1:6 cement:lime:sand) and one cement mortar (1:0:5). The results show that more than the presence of lime in the mortar, the strength of the mortar influenced the flexural strength of the masonry ranging from 0.1 to 1.2 MPa. No discernable correlation was observed between the presence of lime in the mortar and the cohesion in the masonry (0.29 to 0.41 MPa). The values of the compressive strength (6.0 to 7.2 MPa) and E-modulus (3.8 to 4.5 GPa) of the masonry decreased and pre-peak ductility increased with an increase in the quantity of lime in the mortar. The recommendations of Eurocode 6 for the flexural strength of the initial shear bond strength were found to be conservative for different mortar strength classes, and significantly unconservative for compressive strength (by 50% to 70%).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Lime on Strength of Structural Unreinforced Masonry: Toward Improved Sustainability in Masonry Mortars

Ramesh,

Parente,

Azenha

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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“…In this method, masonry building cannot be tested since the load is applied to only one wall 25–28 . Apart from these tests, there are also direct loading tests, albeit few, in the literature 29–31 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[25][26][27][28] Apart from these tests, there are also direct loading tests, albeit few, in the literature. [29][30][31] Due to the aforementioned results, the complex behavior of masonry walls, and the fact that the seismic performance of masonry buildings is once again found to be insufficient in the recent earthquakes in Turkey, a realistic understanding of the behavior of masonry walls and buildings is necessary to construct seismic resistant structures. Since masonry walls have many variables, performing experiments in which each variable is present at the same time will make it difficult to understand the behavior.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Out‐of‐plane behavior of dry‐stack brick masonry walls

Erdil,

Kıpçak,

Tapan

2023

Structural Design Tall Build

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SummaryAs a result of the combination of the complex behavior of masonry buildings with insufficient material quality and lack in engineering calculations, a large number of damages has been observed in the earthquakes that occurred in recent years. Therefore, a realistic understanding of the behavior of masonry walls and buildings is necessary to construct seismic‐resistant structures. Since masonry walls have many variables, performing experiments in which each variable is present at the same time will make it difficult to understand the behavior. For these reasons, considering the out‐of‐plane failures that are frequently mentioned in recent earthquakes, in this study, variables in dry‐stack brick masonry buildings such as the aspect ratio of the wall (2, 1.33, and 1), the presence of the transverse walls (2, 1, and 0), and the openings in the walls (door and/or window) were taken into account separately. Eighteen different wall configurations were designed, and a total of 48 dry‐stack walls having U‐shape, L‐shape, and I‐shape in plan were tested by a specially constructed tilting table setup to determine their out‐of‐plane behavior. From the test results, it was found that lateral load capacity of the U‐shaped walls without openings increased as the aspect ratio (L/H) decreased. No change in capacity was observed in L‐ and I‐shaped walls when the aspect ratio was reduced from 2 to 1. Door and/or window openings were found to affect only the L‐shaped walls. In addition, it was determined that failure patterns were affected from the aspect ratio and the presence of the openings.

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“…Demir and Başpınar [10] investigated the use of silica fume and expanded perlite in fly ash-limegypsum mixtures. Gourav and Reddy [11] produced bricks from gypsum-lime mixtures containing fly ash and investigated their structural performance. Neto et al [12] conducted studies on the use of blast furnace slag in gypsum and lime mixtures and del Rio Merino et al [13] worked on the evaluation of ceramic wastes in gypsum mixtures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the Utilization of Waste Glass Powder, Colemanite Ore Waste and Sugar Factory Filter Cake in Gypsum-Lime Based Mortars

Durgun

2019

European Journal of Technic

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The wastes generated by the recent industrial developments threaten the future of the world. Therefore, researches on the recycling of the industrial wastes in various ways are increasing day by day. In this study, glass powder, a waste of glass industry, colemanite ore waste, a by-product of boron industry and filter cake, one of the wastes of sugar factories, were used. The evaluation of these wastes in gypsum and lime based mortars has been investigated. In this study, 10, 20 and 30% of the waste materials were used instead of gypsum. Unit weights, ultrasonic pulse velocities, apparent porosities and thermal conductivity coefficients of the gypsum-lime based mortars were determined. Compressive strength and bending strength tests were performed to determine the mechanical properties. The results indicated that the use of wastes negatively affected the mechanical properties while improving the thermal properties.

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Out-of-plane flexure behaviour of fly ash-lime-gypsum brick masonry walls

Cited by 7 publications

References 26 publications

Influence of Lime on Strength of Structural Unreinforced Masonry: Toward Improved Sustainability in Masonry Mortars

Influence of Lime on Strength of Structural Unreinforced Masonry: Toward Improved Sustainability in Masonry Mortars

Out‐of‐plane behavior of dry‐stack brick masonry walls

Investigating the Utilization of Waste Glass Powder, Colemanite Ore Waste and Sugar Factory Filter Cake in Gypsum-Lime Based Mortars

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