Out-of-plane Ferromagnetic Resonance and Surface Spin Wave Modes in Ni₈₀Fe₂₀ Film on Ripple-Patterned Sapphire Substrate

Abstract

The study of surface magnetic anisotropy of magnetic films is beneficial to understanding the behaviors of films at high frequencies and further promoting their high-frequency magnetic applications. We investigated the out-of-plane ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) and surface spin wave modes in 40-nm Ni80Fe20 (NiFe) films deposited on ripple-patterned sapphire substrate with periodicity and a flat sapphire substrate by broad-band FMR technique. When measuring the FMR of the film on ripple-patterned substrate, the in-plane angle (𝜑 H of the external applied magnetic field was along the direction of the ripples (𝜑 H = 90°) and perpendicular to the ripple direction (𝜑 H = 0°) respectively. The spin-wave resonance spectra consisting of up to two surface spin wave (SSW) modes were observed as the external magnetic field polar angle θH varied from “in-plane configuration” (θH = 90° ) to “out-of-plane configuration” (θH = 0°). As the decrease of θH , the two surface spin excitations disappeared in sequence and further only FMR mode was observed in the region θH which was smaller than the “critical angle” θc . The θc of 𝜑 H = 90° is found to be different from that for 𝜑 H = 0°. The dependences of field shift vs. out-of-plane angles θH for each SSW mode were analyzed by the surface inhomogeneity model. From the model, the surface anisotropy constants Ks of films were obtained. The results show that the values of surface anisotropy constants for the two SSW modes are different. Compared with the film sputtered on flat sapphire substrate, after introducing ripple-patterned substrate, the variation of Ks is only on the order of 0.01 erg/cm2 for the film of this thickness.

Splitting phenomenon of ferromagnetic resonance spectra in NiFe films deposited on periodically rippled sapphire substrates

“…These two modes are verified as surface spin wave modes [39] by additional out-of-plane FMR experiments. For details see [40]. The origin of the two high-field modes should be distinguished from the 'splitting' phenomenon discussed in this paper because the two modes also exist in the 2D f (H ext ) color plots for 'Reference' sample.…”