Our Grandmothers’ Legacy: Challenges Faced by Female Ancestors Leave Traces in Modern Women’s Same-Sex Relationships

Reynolds, Tania

doi:10.1007/s10508-020-01768-x

Cited by 57 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 335 publications

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“…Women's higher empathy and people orientation, in contrast, may be driven by an evolutionarily ancient maternal tendency to care for offspring (Panksepp, 1998;Christov-Moore et al, 2014), interacting with a tendand-befriend response to psychosocial stress (Nickels et al, 2017;Youssef et al, 2018). Nevertheless, it should be noted that intrasexual rivalry exists also in women (Fisher, 2017), particularly in physical attractiveness and romantic contexts (Rantala et al, 2019;Reynolds, 2021). In the workplace, men and women prefer to compete intrasexually rather than intersexually, but women tend to be more hesitant and calculated in their competitive approach than men (Kocum et al, 2017).…”

Section: Ultimate Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pandemic Leadership: Sex Differences and Their Evolutionary–Developmental Origins

Luoto

Varella

2021

Front. Psychol.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a global societal, economic, and social upheaval unseen in living memory. There have been substantial cross-national differences in the kinds of policies implemented by political decision-makers to prevent the spread of the virus, to test the population, and to manage infected patients. Among other factors, these policies vary with politicians’ sex: early findings indicate that, on average, female leaders seem more focused on minimizing direct human suffering caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, while male leaders implement riskier short-term decisions, possibly aiming to minimize economic disruptions. These sex differences are consistent with broader findings in psychology, reflecting women’s stronger empathy, higher pathogen disgust, health concern, care-taking orientation, and dislike for the suffering of other people—as well as men’s higher risk-taking, Machiavellianism, psychopathy, narcissism, and focus on financial indicators of success and status. This review article contextualizes sex differences in pandemic leadership in an evolutionary framework. Evolution by natural selection is the only known process in nature that organizes organisms into higher degrees of functional order, or counteracts the unavoidable disorder that would otherwise ensue, and is therefore essential for explaining the origins of human sex differences. Differential sexual selection and parental investment between males and females, together with the sexual differentiation of the mammalian brain, drive sex differences in cognition and behavioral dispositions, underlying men’s and women’s leadership styles and decision-making during a global pandemic. According to the sexually dimorphic leadership specialization hypothesis, general psychobehavioral sex differences have been exapted during human evolution to create sexually dimorphic leadership styles. They may be facultatively co-opted by societies and/or followers when facing different kinds of ecological and/or sociopolitical threats, such as disease outbreaks or intergroup aggression. Early evidence indicates that against the invisible viral foe that can bring nations to their knees, the strategic circumspection of empathic feminine health “worriers” may bring more effective and humanitarian outcomes than the devil-may-care incaution of masculine risk-taking “warriors”.

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Section: Ultimate Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pandemic Leadership: Sex Differences and Their Evolutionary–Developmental Origins

Luoto

Varella

2021

Front. Psychol.

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“…Gossip about negative deeds and qualities will decrease a target's reputation, thus decreasing a target's access to group resources-with the effect of increasing one's own access to those resources. For discussions of these and other approaches to gossip in evolutionary perspective, see [11,24,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competitive gossip: the impact of domain, resource value, resource scarcity and coalitions

Hess

Hagen

2021

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Those with better reputations often obtain more resources than those with poorer reputations. Consequently, gossip might be an evolved strategy to compete for valuable and scarce material and social resources. Influenced by models of non-human primate competition, we test the hypotheses that gossip: (i) targets aspects of reputation relevant to the domain in which the competition is occurring, (ii) increases when contested resources are more valuable, and (iii) increases when resources are scarcer. We then test hypotheses derived from informational warfare theory, which proposes that coalitions strategically collect, analyse and disseminate gossip. Specifically, we test whether: (iv) coalitions deter negative gossip, and (v) whether they increase expectations of reputational harm to competitors. Using experimental methods in a Mechanical Turk sample ( n = 600), and survey and ego network analysis methods in a sample of California sorority women ( n = 74), we found that gossip content is specific to the context of the competition; that more valuable and scarcer resources cause gossip, particularly negative gossip, to intensify; and that allies deter negative gossip and increase expectations of reputational harm to an adversary. These results support social competition theories of gossip. This article is part of the theme issue ‘The language of cooperation: reputation and honest signalling’.

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“…In 2020, we published one Target Article (Feinstein, 2020), along with 7 Commentaries and a response by Feinstein. Seven other Target Articles are currently online first Davis & Arnocky, 2020;Lalumière, Sawatsky, Dawson, & Suschinsky, 2019;Pfau, Jordan, & Breedlove, 2019;Reynolds, 2021;Ziogas, Habermeyer, Santtila, Poeppl, & Mokros, 2019). Researchers interested in proposing a Target Article should contact Dr. Vasey at paul.vasey@uleth.ca.…”

Section: Target Articlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Archives at 50 Years

Zucker

2021

Arch Sex Behav

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Sandwiched in-between these two articles, the Archives has more than 4100 entries in Pub-Med, including those that are still in advance online publication form. It is my deep regret that the Founding Editor of Archives, Richard Green, M.D., J.D. could not be with us to celebrate this milestone (Herbert, 2019).Quantitative growth has certainly been an element of the Journal's evolution. In 1971, it published 374 pages. In 2020, it published 3088 pages (an 8.25-fold increase). When I became Editor in 2002, we had 80 new submissions. In 2020, we had 706 new submissions (an 8.82-fold increase). As noted in previous Editorials, this growth has necessitated a continued expansion of the Editorial Board. In

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Our Grandmothers’ Legacy: Challenges Faced by Female Ancestors Leave Traces in Modern Women’s Same-Sex Relationships

Cited by 57 publications

References 335 publications

Pandemic Leadership: Sex Differences and Their Evolutionary–Developmental Origins

Pandemic Leadership: Sex Differences and Their Evolutionary–Developmental Origins

Competitive gossip: the impact of domain, resource value, resource scarcity and coalitions

Archives at 50 Years

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