Otters in Saxony: A Story of Successful Conflict Resolution

Klenke, Reinhard; Ring, Irene; Máñez, Kathleen Schwerdtner; Habighorst, Randi; Weiss, Vivien; Wittmer, Heidi; Gruber, Bernd; Lampa, Simone; Henle, Klaus

doi:10.1007/978-3-540-34789-7_6

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…), recovered wildlife populations (Klenke et al. ; Persson et al. ), less human injury (Anthony & Swemmer ), changes in local opinions or attitudes toward wildlife (Stone ), helping victims of wildlife damage (Madhusudan ), and improved relationships among stakeholders (Anthony & Swemmer ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global patterns and trends in human–wildlife conflict compensation

Ravenelle

Nyhus

2017

Conservation Biology

176

106

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Human-wildlife conflict is a major conservation challenge, and compensation for wildlife damage is a widely used economic tool to mitigate this conflict. The effectiveness of this management tool is widely debated. The relative importance of factors associated with compensation success is unclear, and little is known about global geographic or taxonomic differences in the application of compensation programs. We reviewed research on wildlife-damage compensation to determine geographic and taxonomic gaps, analyze patterns of positive and negative comments related to compensation, and assess the relative magnitude of global compensation payments. We analyzed 288 publications referencing wildlife compensation and identified 138 unique compensation programs. These publications reported US$222 million (adjusted for inflation) spent on compensation in 50 countries since 1980. Europeans published the most articles, and compensation funding was highest in Europe, where depredation by wolves and bears was the most frequently compensated damage. Authors of the publications we reviewed made twice as many negative comments as positive comments about compensation. Three-quarters of the negative comments related to program administration. Conversely, three-quarters of the positive comments related to program outcomes. The 3 most common suggestions to improve compensation programs included requiring claimants to employ damage-prevention practices, such as improving livestock husbandry or fencing of crops to receive compensation (n = 25, 15%); modifying ex post compensation schemes to some form of outcome-based performance payment (n = 21, 12%); and altering programs to make compensation payments more quickly (n = 14, 8%). We suggest that further understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of compensation as a conflict-mitigation tool will require more systematic evaluation of the factors driving these opinions and that differentiating process and outcomes and understanding linkages between them will result in more fruitful analyses and ultimately more effective conflict mitigation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global patterns and trends in human–wildlife conflict compensation

Ravenelle

Nyhus

2017

Conservation Biology

176

106

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“…Resource managers thus face the dual challenge of ensuring full recovery of depleted sea otter populations, while anticipating and addressing potential socioeconomic changes that are likely to occur. Successful resolution of conflicts between fisheries and recovering marine bird and mammal populations depends on early engagement with stakeholders and availability of reliable scientific data on spatially explicit dynamics and population potential (Bruckmeier et al 2013, Jepsen and Olesen 2013, Klenke et al 2013, Butler et al 2015, McDonald et al 2016).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Habitat Features Predict Carrying Capacity of a Recovering Marine Carnivore

et al. 2021

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The recovery of large carnivore species from over‐exploitation can have socioecological effects; thus, reliable estimates of potential abundance and distribution represent a valuable tool for developing management objectives and recovery criteria. For sea otters (Enhydra lutris), as with many apex predators, equilibrium abundance is not constant across space but rather varies as a function of local habitat quality and resource dynamics, thereby complicating the extrapolation of carrying capacity (K) from one location to another. To overcome this challenge, we developed a state‐space model of density‐dependent population dynamics in southern sea otters (E. l. nereis), in which K is estimated as a continuously varying function of a suite of physical, biotic, and oceanographic variables, all described at fine spatial scales. We used a theta‐logistic process model that included environmental stochasticity and allowed for density‐independent mortality associated with shark bites. We used Bayesian methods to fit the model to time series of survey data, augmented by auxiliary data on cause of death in stranded otters. Our model results showed that the expected density at K for a given area can be predicted based on local bathymetry (depth and distance from shore), benthic substrate composition (rocky vs. soft sediments), presence of kelp canopy, net primary productivity, and whether or not the area is inside an estuary. In addition to density‐dependent reductions in growth, increased levels of shark‐bite mortality over the last decade have also acted to limit population expansion. We used the functional relationships between habitat variables and equilibrium density to project estimated values of K for the entire historical range of southern sea otters in California, USA, accounting for spatial variation in habitat quality. Our results suggest that California could eventually support 17,226 otters (95% CrI = 9,739–30,087). We also used the fitted model to compute candidate values of optimal sustainable population abundance (OSP) for all of California and for regions within California. We employed a simulation‐based approach to determine the abundance associated with the maximum net productivity level (MNPL) and propose that the upper quartile of the distribution of MNPL estimates (accounting for parameter uncertainty) represents an appropriate threshold value for OSP. Based on this analysis, we suggest a candidate value for OSP (for all of California) of 10,236, which represents 59.4% of projected K. © 2021 The Authors. The Journal of Wildlife Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The Wildlife Society.

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Die menschliche Perspektive im Naturschutz und Wildtiermanagement: Eine Einführung in die „Human Dimensions of Wildlife“

Straka

Drijfhout

Kochalski

et al. 2023

Evidenzbasiertes Wildtiermanagement

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ZusammenfassungDie menschliche Perspektive in Mensch-Wildtier-Konflikten zu verstehen, ist wichtig für ein ganzheitliches Naturschutzmanagement, da solche Konflikte oft über die direkten Mensch-Tier-Begegnungen und deren negative Folgen hinausgehen. Stattdessen handelt es sich zumeist um Konflikte zwischen Menschen bzw. Interessengruppen („Stakeholder“), die verschiedene Ansichten zu Wildtieren und deren Management vertreten. Als „Human Dimensions of Wildlife“ (HDW) werden die menschlichen oder gesellschaftlichen Aspekte in Bezug auf Natur und Wildtiere bezeichnet. Als eine Teildisziplin der Naturschutzsozialwissenschaften („Conservation Social Sciences“) stellen sie einen inter- und transdisziplinären Ansatz dar, der vielfältige Sichtweisen zur Lösung komplexer Sachverhalte in das Naturschutzmanagement einbezieht. In diesem Kapitel stellen wir gängige HDW-Konzepte vor, illustrieren auf der Grundlage einschlägiger Literatur deren analytisches Potenzial und veranschaulichen praktische Anwendungen in Fallbeispielen zu Wölfen, Wildschweinen, Bibern und Fledermäusen.AbstractUnderstanding people in the context of human-wildlife conflict is important for integrated conservation management, as these conflicts often go beyond people and their direct encounters with or negative impacts from wildlife. They often include social conflicts among people or groups of people (i.e. stakeholders) that have different views about wildlife and how it should be managed. “Human Dimensions of Wildlife” (HDW) is a sub-discipline of “Conservation Social Sciences”, an inter- and transdisciplinary approach including multiple perspectives to solve complex conservation and management matters. Here, we provide an overview of frequently used HDW concepts and illustrate their predictive potential with evidence from the literature, while their practical application is demonstrated with examples and case studies on wolves, boars, beavers and bats.

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Otters in Saxony: A Story of Successful Conflict Resolution

Cited by 6 publications

References 15 publications

Global patterns and trends in human–wildlife conflict compensation

Global patterns and trends in human–wildlife conflict compensation

Habitat Features Predict Carrying Capacity of a Recovering Marine Carnivore

Die menschliche Perspektive im Naturschutz und Wildtiermanagement: Eine Einführung in die „Human Dimensions of Wildlife“

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