Ototoxicity of Common Topical Antimycotic Preparations

Tom, Lawrence W. C.

doi:10.1097/00005537-200004000-00003

Cited by 62 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(70 reference statements)

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“…[11,14] While the application of antiseptics chlorhexidine and alcohol (70%) to the middle ear showed vestibulotoxic and cochleotoxic effects in rats, they were not observed in povidone-iodine, and the results obtained from the control agent, saline, were similar. [15] While ototoxic effects were observed for Burow's solution (aluminum acetate of approximately 13% with a pH of 3.7), ear drops containing acetic acid and boric acid solutions prepared with 70% alcohol, they were not observed for boric acid solutions prepared with distilled water.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Ototoxic effect of topical rifamycin SV applied in the middle ear of rats

Özbay¹,

Şahin²

2017

Kulak Burun Bogaz Ihtis Derg

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Objectives:In this study, we aimed to evaluate the ototoxic effect of topical rifamycin SV in the middle ear in a rat model. Materials and Methods:A total of 24 20-week-old adult female and eight 4-6-week-old weaned (young, post-suckling period) Wistar albino rats were used. Adult rats were separated into four groups: Group 1 (adult rifamycin), group 2 (weaner rifamycin), group 3 (gentamicin; positive control), and group 4 (saline; negative control). Before medication administration, an auditory brainstem response (ABR) test was performed on each animal under general anesthesia. Tympanic membranes of the animals were perforated, and the medications were administered to the middle ear for 10 days. Three weeks after treatment, ABR tests were repeated and pre-and posttreatment ABR threshold measurements were compared. Results:Although the mean pre-and post-treatment ABR threshold values did not significantly differ among groups 1, 2, and 4 (p>0.05), the mean post-treatment ABR threshold values were significantly higher in group 3 compared to baseline (p<0.05). Conclusion:Based on ABR measurements, the topical use of rifamycin SV, a broad-spectrum semi-synthetic antibiotic in the middle ear, does not cause hearing loss in adult or weaner rats.Keywords: Auditory brainstem response; inner ear; ototoxicity; rifamycin SV. ÖZAmaç: Bu çalışmada bir sıçan modelinde topikal rifamisin SV'nin orta kulakta ototoksik etkisi araştırıldı. Gereç ve Yöntemler:Toplamda 24 adet, 20 haftalık erişkin dişi ve sekiz adet 4-6 haftalık (sütten kesilmiş yavru) Wistar albino sıçan kullanıldı. Erişkin sıçanlar dört gruba ayrıldı; Grup 1 (erişkin rifamisin), grup 2 (yavru rifamisin), grup 3 (gentamisin; pozitif kontrol), grup 4 (salin, negatif kontrol). İlaç uygulaması öncesinde her sıçana genel anestezi altında işitsel beyinsapı yanıtı (ABR) testi uygulandı. Hayvanların timpan membranları perfore edilerek, orta kulağa 10 gün boyunca ilaçlar uygulandı. Tedaviden üç hafta sonra ABR testleri tekrar edildi ve tedavi öncesi ve sonrası ABR eşik ölçümleri karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular:Tedavi öncesi ve tedavi sonrası ortalama ABR eşik değerleri grup 1, grup 2 ve grup 4'te istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık göstermez iken (p>0.05), grup 3'te tedavi sonrası ortalama ABR eşik değerleri, başlangıca kıyasla, anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksekti (p<0.05).Sonuç: İşitsel beyinsapı yanıtı ölçümlerine dayanarak, geniş spektrumlu yarı sentetik bir antibiyotik olan rifamisin SV'nin orta kulakta topikal kullanımı, erişkin veya yavru sıçanlarda işitme kaybına neden olmamaktadır.Anahtar Sözcükler: İşitsel beyinsapı yanıtı; iç kulak; ototoksisite; rifamisin SV.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Ototoxic effect of topical rifamycin SV applied in the middle ear of rats

Özbay¹,

Şahin²

2017

Kulak Burun Bogaz Ihtis Derg

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“…It is explained that some quinolone eardrops (0,2% ciprof loxacin and 0.3% of loxacin), [15,18,19] Burrow solution (4% and 3% aluminum subacetate), [14] Castellani solution, [12] 4% boric acid solution prepared with distilled water, [8] antifungal ototopical solutions (clotrimazole, miconazole, nystatin, tolnaftate, oxiconazole, f luconazole, ketoconazole and miconazole) [8,17,20] are free of ototoxic effects, whereas gentamycin, 1% gentian violet, 2% acetic acid, m-Cresyl acetate, 50% propylene glycol, 7.5% and 10% povidone-iodine solution, boric acid solution prepared with 70% alcohol have ototoxic effects. [2,13,20] The antifungal and antibacterial activities of garlic are due to the allicin (diallyl thiosulfinate), allicin related compounds and a sulphur-containing compound released from garlic cloves after tissue disintegration caused by cutting, crushing and pressing. [4][5][6] Pai and Platt showed in an in-vitro study that AGE and GO contain antifugal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus terreus, Aspergillus nidulans, and Aspergillus niger.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of topical aqueous garlic extract and garlic oil on inner ears in rats

Salihoğlu¹

2014

Praxis of ORL

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“…• Species is commonly used for middle ear catheterization and/or direct middle ear administration of drugs (Agterberg et al 2008;Lemke et al 2009;Lin et al 2008;Takumida et al 1999;Tom 2000;Wang et al 2003;Zappia and Altschuler 1989).…”

Section: Positive Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Safety Pharmacology of Auditory Function

Abernathy

2015

Principles of Safety Pharmacology

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Safety pharmacology satisfies a key requirement in the process of drug development. Safety pharmacology studies are required to assess the impact of a new chemical entity (NCE) or biotechnology-derived product for human use on vital systems, such as those subserving auditory function. Safety pharmacology studies accordingly are defined as those studies that investigate the potential undesirable effects of a substance on auditory functions in relation to exposure in and above the therapeutic range. Auditory safety studies should be designed with the primary objective of determining how administration of a compound influences normal hearing. If an effect on hearing is identified, then it is necessary to determine through histopathology the underlying mechanism for the observed hearing loss. Since the auditory system contains a heterogeneous mixture of structural and cellular components that are organized in a very complex and integrated manner, it is necessary to clearly identify the underlying primary mechanism or target of the new chemical entity that produced the hearing loss. This chapter will highlight major components of auditory function with regard to potential opportunities for drug interaction. Aspects of designing ototoxicity studies will be discussed with an emphasis on standards deemed necessary by the US Food and Drug Administration. Additionally, classes of ototoxic compounds and their proposed mechanisms of action are described in depth.

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Ototoxicity of Common Topical Antimycotic Preparations

Cited by 62 publications

References 39 publications

Ototoxic effect of topical rifamycin SV applied in the middle ear of rats

Ototoxic effect of topical rifamycin SV applied in the middle ear of rats

Effects of topical aqueous garlic extract and garlic oil on inner ears in rats

The Safety Pharmacology of Auditory Function

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