2006
DOI: 10.1007/s00204-006-0124-y
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Ototoxicity in rats exposed to ethylbenzene and to two technical xylene vapours for 13 weeks

Abstract: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to ethylbenzene (200, 400, 600 and 800 ppm) and to two mixed xylenes (250, 500, 1,000 and 2,000 ppm total compounds) by inhalation, 6 h/day, 6 days/week for 13 weeks and sacrificed for morphological investigation 8 weeks after the end of exposure. Brainstem auditory-evoked responses were used to determine auditory thresholds at different frequencies. Ethylbenzene produced moderate to severe ototoxicity in rats exposed to the four concentrations studied. Increased threshold… Show more

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Cited by 30 publications
(21 citation statements)
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“…This conclusion is consistent with a report that "active" rats inhaling 300, 400, 500, or 600 ppm styrene (6 h/day, 5 days/week for 4 weeks) exhibited no changes in auditory permanent threshold shifts (PTS; measured over 2-32 kHz) at 300 ppm despite an average 5% loss in third-row OHCs, or in "sedentary" rats exposed to 500 ppm with a corresponding 3% OHC loss (Lataye et al 2005). Similarly, for the equi-ototoxic styrene analog ethylbenzene, exposure of rats to 200 ppm ethylbenzene (6 hours/day, 6 days/week for 13 weeks) resulted in an average 4% third-row OHC loss, with no corresponding changes in audiometric thresholds at 2, 4, 8, and 16 kHz evaluated at 4, 8, 13, and 21 weeks after exposure initiation (Gagnaire et al 2007). It therefore seems reasonable to consider 200 mg/kg bw/day for 24 weeks as an oral NOAEL for functional hearing loss.…”
Section: Non-cancer Health Effectsmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…This conclusion is consistent with a report that "active" rats inhaling 300, 400, 500, or 600 ppm styrene (6 h/day, 5 days/week for 4 weeks) exhibited no changes in auditory permanent threshold shifts (PTS; measured over 2-32 kHz) at 300 ppm despite an average 5% loss in third-row OHCs, or in "sedentary" rats exposed to 500 ppm with a corresponding 3% OHC loss (Lataye et al 2005). Similarly, for the equi-ototoxic styrene analog ethylbenzene, exposure of rats to 200 ppm ethylbenzene (6 hours/day, 6 days/week for 13 weeks) resulted in an average 4% third-row OHC loss, with no corresponding changes in audiometric thresholds at 2, 4, 8, and 16 kHz evaluated at 4, 8, 13, and 21 weeks after exposure initiation (Gagnaire et al 2007). It therefore seems reasonable to consider 200 mg/kg bw/day for 24 weeks as an oral NOAEL for functional hearing loss.…”
Section: Non-cancer Health Effectsmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…Die ototoxische Wirkung von reinem Ethylbenzol bei Ratten wurde mit der Wirkung von zwei technischen Xylolen verglichen, die 10 oder 20 % Ethylbenzol enthielten [127]. In diesen Gemischen wird nur Ethylbenzol und p-Xylol eine ototoxische Aktivität zugeschrieben, wobei sich Ethylbenzol als 4,5-mal ototoxischer als p-Xylol erwies.…”
Section: Bewertung Von C 7 -C 8 -Alkylbenzolen In Der Innenraumluftunclassified
“…In der Gesamteinschät-zung wurde die Expositionskonzentration von 220 mg/m 3 als "minimale LOAEC" eingestuft. Lungenfunktionswerte (FVC, FEF 75 ) waren bei Frauen 3 h nach Expositionsende minimal (< 4 %) vermindert, alle anderen Parameter waren bei Männern und Frauen unmittelbar im Anschluss an die Exposition und 3 h später nicht verändert [45].…”
Section: Irritative Wirkungenunclassified
“…Auch hier wurden in der exponierten Gruppe häu-figer Symptome berichtet, eine Dosisabhängigkeit wurde aber ebenso wenig festgestellt. In einer entsprechenden subchronischen Inhalationsstudie mit zwei technischen Xylole-Gemischen (Mischung 1: je 20 % o-und p-Xylol sowie Ethylbenzol, 40 % m-Xylol; Mischung 2: 30 % o-, je 10 % p-Xylol und Ethylbenzol, 50 % m-Xylol) zeigte sich in Übereinstimmung mit der höheren Ototoxizität von p-Xylol und Ethylbenzol eine niedrigere LOAEC für das Gemisch mit dem höheren Gehalt an diesen beiden Komponenten [75]. Damit wurden vorangegangene subakute Untersuchungen mit Xylole-Gemischen bestä-tigt [76,77].…”
Section: Irritative Wirkungenunclassified