Ototoxic Effects of Gentamicin

Meyers, Robert M.

doi:10.1001/archotol.1970.04310020058014

Cited by 69 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Results of an earlier study in cats revealed amikacin, a new aminoglycosode (13), to be toxic to the cochlear at doses not afecting vestibular fimetion (14). In contrast, gentami-cin has been reported to cause primarily vestibular dysfunction at doses that may also be cochleotoxic (7)(8)(9)11). In the present study cats were treated with amikacin or gentamicin daily for extended periods of time until definitive signs of ototoxicity developed.…”

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confidence: 69%

Comparative Ototoxicity of Amikacin and Gentamicin in Cats

Christensen¹,

Reiffenstein²,

Madissoo³

1977

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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confidence: 69%

Comparative Ototoxicity of Amikacin and Gentamicin in Cats

Christensen¹,

Reiffenstein²,

Madissoo³

1977

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…Because it is possible to physiologically compensate for vestibular damage, cochleotoxicity is generally considered to be a far more serious problem [5]. In humans, the ototoxic effect of these drugs is reported as a sensorineural hearing loss, which is permanent because the hair cells in the cochlea do not regenerate [6]. Although beneficial effects of aminoglycosides in Meniere's disease (MD) made these antibiotics popular again, the relative ototoxicities of the aminoglycosides to the cochlea is important in making a choice between them [7].…”

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confidence: 99%

Aminoglycoside-Induced Ototoxicity

Selimoğlu

2007

CPD

370

265

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It has long been known that the major irreversible toxicity of aminoglycosides is ototoxicity. Among them, streptomycin and gentamicin are primarily vestibulotoxic, whereas amikacin, neomycin, dihydrosterptomycin, and kanamicin are primarily cochleotoxic. Cochlear damage can produce permanent hearing loss, and damage to the vestibular apparatus results in dizziness, ataxia, and/or nystagmus. Aminoglycosides appear to generate free radicals within the inner ear, with subsequent permanent damage to sensory cells and neurons, resulting in permanent hearing loss. Two mutations in the mitochondrial 12S ribosomal RNA gene have been previously reported to predispose carriers to aminoglycoside-induced ototoxicity. As aminoglycosides are indispensable agents both in the treatment of infections and Meniere's disease, a great effort has been made to develop strategies to prevent aminoglycoside ototoxicity. Anti-free radical agents, such as salicylate, have been shown to attenuate the ototoxic effects of aminoglycosides. In this paper, incidence, predisposition, mechanism, and prevention of aminoglycoside-induced ototoxicity is discussed in the light of literature data.

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“…Both effects have been demonstrated in experi¬ mental animals3 as well as in man. 4 These two antibiotics also share similar antibacterial properties. Because of the simi¬ larity of the two antibiotics, this study was performed so that the toxic liability of the two drugs on cochlear function could be Accepted for publication Feb 5, 1972.…”

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confidence: 99%