Otosclerosis and Dysplasias of the Temporal Bone

Arasa, Vanessa Carlota Andreu; Sung, Edward; Fujita, Akifumi; Saito, Naoko; Sakai, Osamu

doi:10.1016/j.nic.2018.09.004

Cited by 20 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Craniometaphyseal dysplasia and Camurati-Engelmann disease (progressive diaphyseal dysplasia) are two such examples that may necessitate internal auditory canal decompression due to seventh and eighth cranial nerve deficits. 24,25 Compressive effects may also be noted on other skull base foramina, cranial nerves, vessels, and brain stem. In these patients, internal auditory canal decompression is performed through the MCF approach to remove the superior and the anterior portions of the petrous bone.…”

Section: Internal Auditory Canal Decompressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Tympanomastoidectomy: A Review of Less Common Postoperative Temporal Bone CT Findings

Carlson

Diehn²,

Lane³

2020

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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Section: Internal Auditory Canal Decompressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Tympanomastoidectomy: A Review of Less Common Postoperative Temporal Bone CT Findings

Carlson

Diehn²,

Lane³

2020

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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“…Several primary osseous processes such as Paget disease, fibrous dysplasia, otosyphilis, and osteogenesis imperfecta can affect the temporal bone, including the annular ring of the round window. 15,20,21 Below, several of the most common causes of acquired abnormalities of the round window are discussed, with imaging correlates.…”

Section: Acquired Abnormalitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the theoretic physiologic justification for this approach is lacking because occlusion of the round window should theoretically create preferential shunting toward the pathologic third window. 20,61,62 Cochlear Implant. Cochlear implants may be inserted through a cochleostomy adjacent to the round window or directly through the round window membrane.…”

Section: Surgical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Forgotten Second Window: A Pictorial Review of Round Window Pathologies

Benson

Diehn

Passe

et al. 2019

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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The round window serves to decompress acoustic energy that enters the cochlea via stapes movement against the oval window. Any inward motion of the oval window via stapes vibration leads to outward motion of the round window. Occlusion of the round window is a cause of conductive hearing loss because it increases the resistance to sound energy and consequently dampens energy propagation. Because the round window niche is not adequately evaluated by otoscopy and may be incompletely exposed during an operation, otologic surgeons may not always correctly identify associated pathology. Thus, radiologists play an essential role in the identification and classification of diseases affecting the round window. The purpose of this review is to highlight the developmental, acquired, neoplastic, and iatrogenic range of pathologies that can be encountered in round window dysfunction. ABBREVIATIONS: LO 4 labyrinthitis ossificans; RW 4 round windowIndicates open access to non-subscribers at www.ajnr.org http://dx.

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“…This decalcified vascular bone of the otic capsule eventually recalcifies and becomes more solid. These phases of increased vascularity, decalcification and subsequent recalcification cause the typical clinical manifestations of this disease [1][2][3]. Two major patterns are seen: (1) fenestral type in which otosclerotic foci are restricted to the lateral wall of the otic capsule, especially around the oval window (OW) and round window (RW) and (2) retrofenestral or cochlear type, in which otosclerotic foci predominantly involve the pericochlear regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fenestral otosclerosis typically causes stapes fixation and CHL. Cochlear otosclerosis may present with SNHL, MHL, vestibular symptoms and/or pulsatile tinnitus (PT) [1][2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of MRI as first-line modality in the detection of previously undiagnosed otosclerosis: a single tertiary institute experience

2020

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Background: Otosclerosis causes conductive, sensorineural and mixed hearing loss (CHL, SNHL, MHL) and tinnitus in young adults. It is best diagnosed on high-resolution CT (HRCT). Occasionally, patients presenting with SNHL and/or tinnitus may undergo temporal bone MRI as the first investigation. In this study, we have described the role of MRI as the first-line modality in the detection of previously undiagnosed otosclerosis. Using search words 'MRI otosclerosis' we found 15 cases in the PACS of our institute, (University Hospitals, KU Leuven, Belgium) from 2003 to 2018. Of these, 2 were known cases of otosclerosis, hence excluded from the study. The remaining 13 patients underwent MRI as first-line investigation for unilateral SNHL (8/13), bilateral SNHL (3/13), unilateral MHL (1/13) and bilateral pulsatile tinnitus (1/13). All MRI studies were reported by the same senior radiologist. Results: Of these 13 cases, 12 were reported as showing MRI features suspicious for otosclerosis. The typical positive findings in these cases were intermediate T1 signal and post-contrast enhancement in the perilabyrinthine/ pericochlear regions. Out of 13 patients, 9 underwent subsequent HRCT, confirming otosclerosis in all. The single MRI which was reported as normal initially showed otosclerosis on HRCT. Retrospective evaluation of this MRI study showed subtle positive findings of otosclerosis. Conclusion: The end point of this study was to validate the subtle findings of otosclerosis on MRI, by comparison to the gold-standard modality HRCT. Our hypothesis is that in the appropriate clinical setting, familiarity with MRI features of otosclerosis would increase the diagnostic 'catch' in the first 'net' itself i.e. first-line MRI.

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Otosclerosis and Dysplasias of the Temporal Bone

Cited by 20 publications

References 40 publications

Beyond Tympanomastoidectomy: A Review of Less Common Postoperative Temporal Bone CT Findings

Beyond Tympanomastoidectomy: A Review of Less Common Postoperative Temporal Bone CT Findings

The Forgotten Second Window: A Pictorial Review of Round Window Pathologies

Role of MRI as first-line modality in the detection of previously undiagnosed otosclerosis: a single tertiary institute experience

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