Otologic And Neurotologic Manifestations Of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Lalwani, Anil K.; Sooy, C. Daniel

doi:10.1016/s0030-6665(20)30889-6

Cited by 53 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Indeed, seborrheic dermatitis has been reported in up to 83% of patients, and usually involves the periauricular area. 52 , 53 Otitis externa, on the other hand, is usually caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, whilst Candida albicans is often the cause of otomycosis.…”

Section: Otological Manifestations Of Hiv Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Otalgia is a very frequent symptom in HIV patients, which can be attributed to the disproportionately severe inflammatory changes in the mastoid air-cells even in otherwise asymptomatic carriers. 52 Otitis media with effusion secondary to nasopharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia or other nasopharyngeal masses is also not uncommon in HIV-positive patients. 55 , 56 ever, Kaposi's sarcoma should be excluded.…”

Section: Otological Manifestations Of Hiv Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnosis and Treatment of HIV-Associated Manifestations in Otolaryngology

Iacovou

Vlastarakos

Papacharalampous

et al. 2012

Infectious Disease Reports

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Almost 30 years after its first description, HIV still remains a global pandemic. The present paper aims to review the current knowledge on the ear, nose and throat (ENT) manifestations of HIV infection, and present the available diagnostic and treatment options. A literature review was conducted in Medline and other available database sources. Information from related books was also included in the data analysis. It is well acknowledged that up to 80% of HIV-infected patients eventually develop ENT manifestations; among which, oral disease appears to be the most common. Oro-pharyngeal manifestations include candidiasis, periodontal and gingival disease, HSV and HPV infection, oral hairy leucoplakia, Kaposi's sarcoma, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. ENT manifestations in the neck can present as cervical lymphadenopathy or parotid gland enlargement. Respective nasal manifestations include sinusitis (often due to atypical bacteria), and allergic rhinitis. Finally, otological manifestations include otitis (externa, or media), inner ear involvement (sensorineural hearing loss, disequilibrium), and facial nerve palsy (up to 100 times more frequently compared to the general population). Although ENT symptoms are not diagnostic of the disease, they might be suggestive of HIV infection, or related to its progression and the respective treatment failure. ENT doctors should be aware of the ENT manifestations associated with HIV disease, and the respective diagnosis and treatment. A multi-disciplinary approach may be required to provide the appropriate level of care to HIV patients.

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Section: Otological Manifestations Of Hiv Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Otological Manifestations Of Hiv Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and Treatment of HIV-Associated Manifestations in Otolaryngology

Iacovou

Vlastarakos

Papacharalampous

et al. 2012

Infectious Disease Reports

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“…It may also compromise neural pathways and centers in the brain, resulting in central auditory disturbance. 2,6,7 Most neuro-otological disorders in patients living with HIV/AIDS have a central origin; both central auditory disorders and peripheral auditory disorders are more common in advanced stages of HIV/AIDS. 6,[8][9][10] Central auditory disorders may also be more common in adults with HIV-associated dementia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11 Adults with HIV/AIDS may show head, neck, and otologic symptoms from opportunistic infections, including otalgia, otorrhea, tinnitus, ''muffled'' hearing, aural fullness, facial nerve palsy, vertigo, and central vestibular and ocular-motor disturbance. 2,6,7,9,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Some middle ear infections in adults living with HIV/AIDS are as common as in those without HIV/AIDS and often respond to medical treatment. 7,14 Sensorineural hearing loss, which often cannot be treated medically, is more common among adults living with HIV/AIDS than adults without HIV/ AIDS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,6,7,9,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Some middle ear infections in adults living with HIV/AIDS are as common as in those without HIV/AIDS and often respond to medical treatment. 7,14 Sensorineural hearing loss, which often cannot be treated medically, is more common among adults living with HIV/AIDS than adults without HIV/ AIDS. 7,16,18,21,22 Sensorineural hearing losses occurred in approximately one-to two-thirds of patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Communication Disorders in HIV-Infected Adults

Kallail

Downs

Scherz

et al. 2013

J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care

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Few adult patients with HIV/AIDS are evaluated for communication disorders. A broad inventory of the communication disorders was obtained in a convenience sample of 82 adult HIV/AIDS patients who presented for medical appointments. Each participant underwent a head and neck exam and a communications skills evaluation. Speech, language, and cognition were assessed using a 10-item test battery. A 14-item hearing test battery was conducted in a separate session. The primary outcomes were the presence and degree of communication disorders. Head and neck exams revealed 40% with ear-related issues. Only 2 participants showed normal findings on all 24 communication skills assessments. Four demonstrated normal findings on all speech-language-cognitive assessments, whereas 8 had normal findings on the complete hearing test battery. A relatively high prevalence of cognitive and language deficits and central auditory disturbances were found. Clinicians must recognize the potential for communication deficits even in a relatively healthy patient with HIV.

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