Otitis Media in Early Childhood in Relation to Preschool Language  and School Readiness Skills Among Black Children

Roberts, Jason M.; Burchinal, Margaret; Jackson, Sandra C.; Hooper, Stephen R.; Roush, Jackson; Mundy, Martha; Neebe, Eloise C.; Zeisel, Susan A.

doi:10.1542/peds.106.4.725

Cited by 51 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Three correlation studies 4,12,46 (Table 2) examined whether OME was associated with receptive language at 3 years old using the Preschool Language Scale (PLS) 51 or Sequenced Inventory of Communication Development (SICD). 52 Meta-analysis showed no association between OME and receptive language, and the combined 95% CI does suggest adequate statistical power.…”

Section: Receptive Language Versus Ome and Hearing Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vocabulary, Syntax, and Speech Versus OME Four correlation studies 4,7,12,46 (Table 5) examined whether OME was associated with receptive vocabulary at 3 years old by using the PPVT. 39 Metaanalysis showed no association between OME and receptive vocabulary, and the combined 95% CI does suggest adequate statistical power.…”

Section: Expressive Language Versus Ome and Hearing Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three correlation studies 7,12,44 (Table 7) examined whether OME was associated with expressive syntax at age 3 to 5 years by using MLU on a language sample. Meta-analysis showed no association between OME and MLU, and the combined 95% CI does suggest adequate statistical power.…”

Section: Expressive Language Versus Ome and Hearing Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, the methods to document OME differed among studies (Table 1); most studies used tympanometry, whereas some also used otoscopy. The age of OME documentation also differed and occurred during only the first year of life, 41,47 the first 2 years, 4,9,28,45 the first 3 years, 7,8,12,42,44,46 and after 2 years old. 6,43 Although there were variations in OME documentation, all documentation was prospective and done on multiple occasions.…”

Section: E244mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Children with a history of OME scored lower on measures of speech and language development in some studies, 4 -6 compared with children who infrequently experienced OME, whereas other studies did not find such a linkage between OME and children's speech and language development. [7][8][9] Although earlier studies 10,11 of the OME-language learning relationship had many methodologic problems, studies in the past 2 decades avoided many of these problems by following children prospectively 7,12,13 or using randomized clinical trials (RCTs) in which children with persistent OME were randomized to have tympanostomy tubes inserted promptly or at a later point while monitoring language development. 6,8,9 Two recent systematic reviews 14,15 examined how OME relates to children's later speech and language development.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Otitis Media and Speech and Language: A Meta-analysis of Prospective Studies

Roberts¹,

Rosenfeld

Zeisel³

2004

Pediatrics

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209

153

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ABSTRACT. Objective. Considerable controversy surrounds whether a history of otitis media with effusion (OME) in early childhood causes later speech and language problems. We conducted a meta-analysis of prospective studies to determine: 1) whether a history of OME in early childhood is related to receptive language, expressive language, vocabulary, syntax, or speech development in children 1 to 5 years old and 2) whether hearing loss caused by otitis media in early childhood is related to children's receptive language or expressive language through 2 years of age.Methods. We searched online databases and bibliographies of OME studies and reviews for prospective or randomized clinical trials published between January 1966 and October 2002 that examined the relationship of OME or OME-associated hearing loss in early childhood to children's later speech and language development. The original search identified 38 studies, of which 14 had data suitable for calculating a pooled correlation coefficient (correlational studies) or standard difference between parallel groups (group studies). Random-effects meta-analysis was used to pool data when at least 3 studies had usable data for a particular outcome.Results. We performed 11 meta-analyses. There were no significant findings for the analyses of OME during early childhood versus receptive or expressive language during the preschool years in the correlation studies. Similarly, there were no significant findings for OME versus vocabulary, syntax, or speech during the preschool years. Conversely, there was a significant negative association between OME and preschoolers' receptive and expressive language (lower language) (0.24 and 0.25 standard difference, respectively) in the group studies. Additionally, hearing was also related to receptive and expressive language in infancy (3%-9% of variance).Conclusions. Our results indicate no to very small negative associations of OME and associated hearing loss to children's later speech and language development. These findings may overestimate the impact of OME on outcomes, because most studies did not adjust for known confounding variables (such as socioeconomic status) and excluded data not suitable for statistical pooling, especially from methodologically sound studies. Although some OME language differences were detectable by meta-analysis due to increased statistical power, the clinical relevance for otherwise healthy children is uncertain. Pediatrics 2004;113:e238 -e248. URL: http: //www.pediatrics.org/cgi/content/full/113/3/e238; otitis media, childhood, meta-analysis, speech, language.

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Section: Receptive Language Versus Ome and Hearing Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%