Otitis media and Academic Achievement in Eskimo High School Students

DiSarno, Neil; Barringer, Craig

doi:10.1159/000265866

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(10 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Furthermore, there was a trend for lower performance score and achievement tests in reading, mathematics, and language development. DiSarno and Barringer (1987) confirmed this in an almost similar study involving 45 ninthgrade students. They found lower mean grade levels in reading, mathematics, spelling, and general information in the children with early history of OM, tympanoplasty, and conductive HL than in a comparable control group without history of OM and with normal hearing.…”

Section: Aimssupporting

confidence: 70%

“…The study by Litttauer and Elm (1964), which has thoroughly been described in chapter 3, showed that HL was frequent (20%) among school chiIdren in the Uummannaq district. This has also been demonstrated in studies from Canada and Alaska (Brody et al 1965, Reed et al 1967, Kaplan et al 1973, DiSarno and Barringer 1987. Kaplan and co-workers (1973) showed that mean verbal skills were significantly poorer in chiIdren with many and early episodes of otorrhea and with a HL defined as > 25 dB or a conductive HL with a minimum of 15 dB air-bone gap compared to chiIdren with no episodes of OM and normal hearing.…”

Section: Aimsmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…The written medical history of the Inuit population is relatively sparse and brief but since the 1950's several studies on URTI's and OM have been performed (Hayman and Kester 1957, The McGrath Project 1962, Littauer and Elm 1964, Brody et al 1965, Reed et al 1967, Reed and Dunn 1970, Ling et al 1969, Maynard 1969, Beal et al 1972, Johonnott 1973, Kaplan et al 1973, Manning et al 1974, Brodovsky et al 1976, Lupin 1976, Tower 1979, Baxter 1982, Pedersen and ZachauChristiansen 1986, DiSarno and Barringer 1987, Stewart 1989, Baxter et al 1992, Middaugh et al 1993, Duval et al 1994, Kramer and McCullough 1998. All these studies, of which the majority are from Alaska and Canada, have shown that OM is prevalent among Inuit children, and especially CSOM has been reported to have high prevalence rates (4-32%).…”

Section: Introduction and Aimsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Otitis Media in Greenland: studies on historical, epidemiological, microbiological, and immunological aspects

Homøe¹

2001

International Journal of Circumpolar Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Aimssupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Aimsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Introduction and Aimsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Otitis Media in Greenland: studies on historical, epidemiological, microbiological, and immunological aspects

Homøe¹

2001

International Journal of Circumpolar Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This may be an underestimation, however, because prevalence studies in Europe indicate that as many as 20% of 2-year-old children had fluid in their ears (i.e., persistent OM or OME) with no readily visible symptoms (Dempster & MacKenzie, 1991). Such early asymptomatic infection is of concern because of the risks for conductive hearing loss, potential language delays, and impaired academic achievement (DiSarno & Barringer, 1987).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Otitis media (ear infections).

Trivette¹

1998

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

OverviewOtitis media (OM) is inflammation and effusion (fluid, referred to as OME) in the middle ear. It is the second most frequent medical diagnosis for persons of all ages in the United States, and the most frequent medical diagnosis for children under the age of 15 (Schappert, 1992). In 1990, the number of doctor office visits for treatment of OM among children up to age 2 years was 102.1 visits per 100 children per year; for children between 2 and 5 years, the rate was 47.8 visits per 100 children and was 18.2 visits per 100 children between 6 and 10 years old.The middle ear includes the inner surface of the eardrum and three bony ossicles, known as the hammer (malleus), anvil (incus), and stirrup (stapes). The ear funnels sound waves to the eardrum that vibrates as the waves strike its outer surface. The middle ear ossicles vibrate in response to the ear drum vibrations. Their movements pass vibrations to the inner ear, where sense receptors transmit messages to the brain through the acoustic or auditory nerve. The inner ear is connected to the mouth by the eustachian tube and to the outside of the body by the external auditory canal. Inflammation can extend to the eustachian tube and mastoid (the part of the skull just behind the ear). Hearing can be adversely affected by reduced flexibility of the eardrum, reduced mobility of the ossicles, or damage to the ossicles.OM tends to be more prevalent in the winter months when there are increased numbers of upper respiratory (head, nose, throat, and sinus) infections. When the eustachian tube becomes blocked by infection, secretions from the middle ear are prevented from draining, resulting in a negative pressure in the middle ear space. The negative pressure increases the aspiration of secretions from the nose and mouth, resulting in bacterial infections of the middle ear. Young children have shorter and more horizontally placed eustachian tubes than do older children and adults. This results in poorer drainage when they have a cold and the tendency to develop more serious dysfunction of the auditory tube and more frequent infections (Berman & Schmitt, 1995). Additional causes of earaches that are not attributable to OM might include mumps, toothache, external ear infections, and temporomandibular joint dysfunction (Berman & Schmitt, 1995). Environmental risk factors that appear related to increased inci-494

show abstract