“…Despite some textbook histories stretching back to the Babylonians to show a long line of organized uses of communication for the achievement of political, economic of cultural aims as a kind of proto-PR (Cutlip and Center, 1978), the origins of PR as a distinct occupational practice can be located in the division of labour in the modern capitalist, industrial, mass democracies of the 19th century with communication specialists serving both the industry and the state (Fitch and L’Etang, 2017; Myers, 2017). As such, it is also inextricably linked to both the technologies of mass communication and the political legacy of the Enlightenment attached to the idea of the public – a collective noun for the rational and autonomous citizens of a modern polity (Bohman, 2004; Dewey, [1927] 2012; Habermas, 1996, 2006; Jackall and Hirota, 2000; Lippmann, 1925; Wernick, 1991).…”