Other Viral Infections

Bone quality and incidence of urolithiasis in male broiler breeders fed a male or female ration.

“…The infectious causes of avian urolithiasis include avian nephritis and infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) (Bulbule et al, 2014). Avian nephritis and infectious bronchitis are highly contagious viral diseases (Saif et al, 2020, Timurkaan et al, 2022. Infectious bronchitis mainly affects the respiratory system, although some virus strains are nephropathogenic, leading to renal damage (Awad et al, 2014).…”