Oswald külpe and the Würzburg school

Lindenfeld, David

doi:10.1002/1520-6696(197804)14:2<132::aid-jhbs2300140206>3.0.co;2-4

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…He is considered the head of the Würzburg School since he was the director of the Würzburg Institute during the School's more prolific years and because he was admired by most of the Würzburgers due to his encouraging ideas (e.g., Ach, 1905;Messer, 1922;Watt, 1904). Later ideas and insights emerging from the Würzburg School were often already anticipated by Külpe in his earlier writings (Mack, 1994;Lindenfeld, 1978).…”

Section: The Würzburg School and Their Protagonistsmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Oswald Külpe (1862–1915) is considered to be the father of experimental thought psychology (Bitter, 2011) and was the founder and head of the Würzburg School (Ash, 1985; Humphrey, 1951; Lindenfeld, 1978; Mack, 1994). In contrast to Wundt (e.g., 1920), he sought to investigate complex psychological phenomena (higher psychic life, as he called it) in an experimental way, placing a particular focus on thinking (Külpe, 1912a).…”

Section: The Würzburg School and Their Protagonistsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Introspection and the Würzburg School

Hackert

Weger

2018

European Psychologist

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Abstract. In the early 20th century, scholars of the so-called Würzburg School departed from the conventional approach of psychological enquiry and developed a unique type of introspection that uncovered promising findings and paved the road for important developments in experimental psychology. Despite their early success, introspection was subsequently criticized and the Würzburg School disappeared soon after its protagonists had died or separated. The classical explanation for this development is that introspection has ultimately been a subjective and flawed endeavor. In the current paper we argue, by contrast, that the way the Würzburgers conducted introspection was in fact more of an extended type of third-person observation, not a genuine form of first-person research. Hence, their approach did not constitute a strong counterweight to the emerging third-person doctrine of the time and there was thus little need to maintain introspection as an independent paradigm. Such methodological aspects, as well as, biographical and historical factors contributed to the decline of introspection more so than the claim that introspection is a flawed approach per se. We suggest that a more direct form of introspection is needed to explore important phenomena within psychology which so far have been often approached one-sidedly.

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Section: The Würzburg School and Their Protagonistsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: The Würzburg School and Their Protagonistsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introspection and the Würzburg School

Hackert

Weger

2018

European Psychologist

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“…Des questions de ce type se sont réellement posées dans l'histoire de la psychologie introspectionniste. Ainsi, lors de la controverse des « pensées sans images » [imageless thoughts], un désaccord surgit entre Titchener d'un côté, et les psychologues de Würzburg Narziss Ach et Karl Bühler de l'autre, qui s'inspiraient des recherches d'Oswald Külpe [Lindenfeld 1978]. Les seconds soutenaient qu'on pouvait former des pensées conscientes sans avoir la moindre expérience sensorielle, une thèse que Titchener rejetait.…”

Section: La Fiabilité De L'introspectionunclassified

First-Person Data and Psychological Experiments

Ludwig¹,

Michel²

2019

philosophiascientiae

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En sciences sociales, les scientifiques utilisent les rapports des sujets sur leurs propres états mentaux dans leurs démarches expérimentales. Ainsi, l'introspection, ou la capacité des sujets à former des croyances sur leurs propres états mentaux, y joue un rôle important. Selon les tenants de l'introspectionnisme, l'introspection est une méthode, certes privée, mais qui permet de justifier directement des hypothèses scientifiques. Ainsi, contrairement aux méthodes utilisées dans les sciences de la nature qui se fondent uniquement sur des données publiques, les sciences sociales utiliseraient des données subjectives pour justifier leurs hypothèses. Contre l'introspectionnisme, nous défendons que l'introspection n'est pas utilisée pour justifier directement les hypothèses, mais que sa place est plutôt similaire à celle d'un instrument de mesure des états et processus mentaux des sujets, susceptible d'être calibré, à la façon dont les instruments de mesure utilisés dans les sciences de la nature peuvent l'être.

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“…On Külpe and the Würzburg School see: Grabmann, ; Ogden, ; Lindenfeld, ; Hammer, ; Janke & Schneider, .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Back to the Origins of the Repudiation of Wundt: Oswald Külpe and Richard Avenarius

Krauss¹

2016

J History Behavioral Science

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This essay provides a fresh account of the break between Oswald Külpe and his master Wilhelm Wundt. Kurt Danziger's reconstruction of the "repudiation" of Wundt, which has become the canon for this significant episode of history of psychology, focused on the supposed influence of Ernst Mach on this set of events, overshadowing the other exponent of Empiriocriticism: Richard Avenarius. Analyzing archival documents and examining anew the primary sources, the paper shows that Avenarius was himself a member of Wundt's circle, and that his "repudiation" of the master paved the way for Külpe. The essay points out the original anti-Wundtian aspects of Avenarius' notion of psychology, thus showing how they were then adopted by Külpe.

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Oswald külpe and the Würzburg school

Cited by 15 publications

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Introspection and the Würzburg School

Introspection and the Würzburg School

First-Person Data and Psychological Experiments

Back to the Origins of the Repudiation of Wundt: Oswald Külpe and Richard Avenarius

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