Ostwald ripening of Pd particles on the (101̄2̄) surface of sapphire

Coarsening of mass-selected Au clusters on amorphous carbon at room temperature

“…To describe the underlying mechanisms of cluster coarsening let us consider in the following a distribution of 3D clusters with spherical cap shapes and different radii R. Such a distribution can be characterized by its average cluster radius RðtÞ and the density of clusters on the substrate n cl (t) [31,37,38]. Depending on the experimental conditions either surface diffusion of atoms detached from clusters or the attachment/detachment of atoms by clusters can limit the surface OR process.…”

“…by SR) (without the effect of electron-beam irradiation) can be estimated by calculating the ratio s s =s b according to Ref. [37,38]. Here, s s and s b are the times necessary to double the average cluster size by surface OR and by the SR, respectively [37,38].…”

“…[37,38]. Here, s s and s b are the times necessary to double the average cluster size by surface OR and by the SR, respectively [37,38]. If this ratio is much smaller than unity, the effect of cluster coalescence by SR on the RðtÞ can be neglected.…”

A Single Catalyst for Sequential Reactions: Dual Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Behavior of Palladium Nanoparticles in Solution

“…This fact is coherent with the leaching of molecular species during the Heck reaction and further ripening giving aggregates. [19] In conclusion, we have established the dual catalytic behavior of metallic nanoparticles, which act as a heterogeneous catalyst and also as a reservoir of catalytically active molecular 3 ], heating at 60 8C was necessary to obtain decomposition. The residual gas was then released and volatiles removed under reduced pressure.…”

Bifunctional Polymer-Metal Nanocomposite Ion Exchange Materials

“…A typical mechanism of aggregation is the Ostwald ripening which is a growth mechanism where small particles dissolve, and are consumed by larger particles. [19] So, the average nanoparticle size increases with time, the particle concentration decreases and their solubility diminishes.…”