Ostwald–Meyers Metastable Region in LiBr Crystallization—Comparison of Measurements with Predictions

Duvall, Kristin N.; Dirksen, James A.; Ring, Terry A.

doi:10.1006/jcis.2001.7619

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…As the generator temperature increases, the concentration of the LiBr in the solution increases because of the evaporation of water existing in the generator. In order to solve such problem, a special salt is added to the working solution …”

Section: System Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to solve such problem, a special salt is added to the working solution. 35 The required heat for the generator is extracted from the solar energy using concentrated solar parabolic trough collectors. The water of the solar system, after exchanging heat with the generator, is separated into 2 fluids, as illustrated in Figure 1: One is cooled using a cooling tower to maintain acceptable cell temperature, thus reducing the impact of high temperature on both the electrical efficiency and lifetime of PV cells, and the second one is mixed with the outlet fluid from CPV/T system and then further heated using a CSP system until it reaches the required temperature that can achieve the design temperature of generator.…”

Section: System Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A hybrid PV/T and Kalina cycle for power generation

2018

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Summary This work introduces a novel hybrid system which uses the cooling water of a concentrated PV/T as a preheated water for lithium bromide‐water‐based Kalina cycle. The PV/T is a combination between solar photovoltaic cells and solar thermal collector. The solar cells convert the sunlight into electricity, and the remaining heat gets absorbed by the collector for additional power generation. As well as, extracting the excess heat from PV cells enhances its electrical efficiency. The Kalina power cycle is mainly driven by concentrated solar parabolic collectors (CSP). The advantage of combining these 2 systems is to employ the heat rejected from the concentrated solar‐based PV cells for further electricity generation, thus increasing the system overall efficiency. The system of concentrated solar collectors is divided into 2 parts to avoid getting very high temperature for the PV cells: concentrated solar collectors with PV cells and without PV cells. Due to the high temperature of water which returns from the Kalina cycle, a cooling tower is employed to cool the water before entering the concentrated PV/T system. The mathematical model of the proposed system has been presented and simulated to investigate the effect of the main controlling variables on the proposed system performance: generator temperature, solar radiation, wind speed, and the ambient temperature. The results show that the amount of solar radiation is the primary variable for the investigated system energy productivity, while the design temperature of generator is found to be the most parameter that affects the system overall efficiency. While the overall efficiency is around 18% to 23%, combining PV/T with the proposed solar Kalina cycle increases the system overall efficiency by 22% to 27%. The electrical conversion efficiency of the proposed system is 40% to 68% much more compared to PV/T alone system.

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Section: System Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: System Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A hybrid PV/T and Kalina cycle for power generation

2018

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“…Unfortunately, available data in the literature on the solubility of LiBr in water (Boryta, 1970;Dean, 1999;Duvall et al, 2001;Kessis, 1965;Nývlt, 1977;Linke and Seidell, 1965) are very disparate ( Fig. 3).…”

Section: Increase Of the Storage Density Thanks To Solution Crystallimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The latter observation is very important if the storage tank temperature can decrease below 3 °C. Indeed, the maximum Linke, 1965Kessis, 1965Boryta, 1970Nývlt, 1977Duvall, 2001Dean, 2005 Present work global concentration of the solution in the tank is then limited to 61.6 m% (LiBr anhydrous content in the trihydrate). Above this limit, only a solid block is available in the solution tank and no liquid circulation is possible for the following absorption phase.…”

Section: Increase Of the Storage Density Thanks To Solution Crystallimentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic study of a LiBr–H2O absorption process for solar heat storage with crystallisation of the solution

et al. 2014

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A heat storage process by absorption is studied in this paper. It is devoted to solar domestic systems. Energy and exergy studies are performed on the ideal cycle, and prove the contribution of the solutions crystallisation to the system storage density, with an improvement of 22%. A prototype has been built and tested in conditions compatible with domestic solar thermal collectors. The process has been proved successful for heat storage. The heat charging was more efficient than the discharging phase, with respective heat transferred in the range of 1 to 2 kW and 300 to 500 W, in typical solar domestic conditions. Crystallisation has been observed, and will increase the storage density but discrepancies were found between the ideal solution and the global prototype crystallisation behaviour, possibly due to some impurities presence and a slow dissolution kinetic.

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“…Therefore, we studied the quaternary saltwater system LiBr–MgBr 2 –KBr–H 2 O at 288.15 and 308.15 K. In the binary systems at 288.15 and 308.15 K, LiBr and MgBr 2 salts exist in the stable forms of LiBr·2H 2 O and MgBr 2 ·6H 2 O, respectively . We studied the solubility data of these three systems and drew relevant phase diagrams.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurements of Solid–Liquid Equilibria in Quaternary System LiBr–MgBr₂–KBr–H₂O and Its Two Ternary Systems (LiBr–MgBr₂–H₂O and MgBr₂–KBr–H₂O) at 288.15 and 308.15 K

et al. 2022

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The solid–liquid equilibria in the LiBr–MgBr2–KBr–H2O system was measured, along with its two subsystems, LiBr–MgBr2–H2O and MgBr2–KBr–H2O, at 308.15 and 288.15 K using the isothermal dissolution equilibrium method. The stable phase diagrams of the three systems at 308.15 and 288.15 K were plotted. For the ternary LiBr–MgBr2–H2O system, two univariant curves, one ternary invariant point, and two crystallization fields, the fields being MgBr2·6H2O and LiBr·2H2O, were identified. The ternary system MgBr2–KBr–H2O contained three univariant curves, two ternary invariant points, and three crystallization fields corresponding to KBr, KBr·MgBr2·6H2O, and MgBr2·6H2O. From the stable phase diagram of the quaternary system, five univariant curves, four crystallization fields, and two invariant points were observed. The corresponding solids of the four crystallization fields were KBr, LiBr·2H2O, KBr·MgBr2·6H2O, and MgBr2·6H2O. The quaternary phase diagrams at 288.15 and 308.15 K had similar shapes, and the shapes of each crystallization field were identical. The crystallization field of KBr was larger than the other crystallization fields. With an increase in temperature, the crystallization field of KBr became smaller and that of LiBr became larger.

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Ostwald–Meyers Metastable Region in LiBr Crystallization—Comparison of Measurements with Predictions

Cited by 15 publications

References 14 publications

A hybrid PV/T and Kalina cycle for power generation

A hybrid PV/T and Kalina cycle for power generation

Thermodynamic study of a LiBr–H2O absorption process for solar heat storage with crystallisation of the solution

Measurements of Solid–Liquid Equilibria in Quaternary System LiBr–MgBr₂–KBr–H₂O and Its Two Ternary Systems (LiBr–MgBr₂–H₂O and MgBr₂–KBr–H₂O) at 288.15 and 308.15 K

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Ostwald–Meyers Metastable Region in LiBr Crystallization—Comparison of Measurements with Predictions

Cited by 15 publications

References 14 publications

A hybrid PV/T and Kalina cycle for power generation

A hybrid PV/T and Kalina cycle for power generation

Thermodynamic study of a LiBr–H2O absorption process for solar heat storage with crystallisation of the solution

Measurements of Solid–Liquid Equilibria in Quaternary System LiBr–MgBr2–KBr–H2O and Its Two Ternary Systems (LiBr–MgBr2–H2O and MgBr2–KBr–H2O) at 288.15 and 308.15 K

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Measurements of Solid–Liquid Equilibria in Quaternary System LiBr–MgBr₂–KBr–H₂O and Its Two Ternary Systems (LiBr–MgBr₂–H₂O and MgBr₂–KBr–H₂O) at 288.15 and 308.15 K