Osteoporosis and Acquired Back Deformities

Burner, William L.; Badger, Virginia M.; Sherman, Frederick C.

doi:10.1097/01241398-198210000-00006

Cited by 69 publications

(64 citation statements)

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“…Burner et al [5] first reported an association between osteopenia and idiopathic scoliosis using the Singh index. Generalized low bone mass and osteopenia in both the axial and peripheral skeletons have been reported in AIS [7,8,11,13,35,38], and abnormal histomorphometric bone cell activity has been observed in AIS bone biopsies [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymorphism in vitamin D receptor is associated with bone mineral density in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

2010

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Low bone mass and osteopenia have been reported in the axial and peripheral skeleton of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients. Furthermore, several recent studies have shown that gene polymorphisms are related to osteoporosis. However, no study has yet linked polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene and bone mass in AIS. Accordingly, the authors examined the association between bone mass and VDR gene polymorphisms in 198 girls diagnosed with AIS. The VDR BsmI (rs1544410), FokI (rs2228670) and Cdx2 (rs11568820) polymorphisms and bone mineral density at the lumbar spine (LSBMD) and femoral neck (FNBMD) were analyzed and compared to their levels in healthy controls. Mean LSBMD and FNBMD in AIS patients were lower than in age-and sex-matched healthy controls (P = 0.0022 and P = 0.0013, respectively). A comparison of genotype frequencies in AIS patients and controls revealed a significant difference for the BsmI polymorphism only (P = 0.0054). Furthermore, a significant association was found between the VDR BsmI polymorphism and LSBMD. In particular, LSBMD in AIS patients with the AA genotype was found to be significantly lower than in patients with the GA (P \ 0.05) or GG (P \ 0.01) genotypes. However, no significant association was found between LSBMD or FNBMD and the VDR FokI or Cdx2 polymorphisms. These results suggest that the VDR BsmI polymorphism is associated with LSBMD in girls with AIS.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymorphism in vitamin D receptor is associated with bone mineral density in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

2010

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“…Whether osteoporosis in young scoliotics cause failure of spinal fusion postoperatively is to be proved. Burner et al [2] first raised the concern of osteopenia in AIS children using plain radiographs, but Cook et al [6] using DEXA showed that low bone mass was common in children of AIS. Thomas et al [22] found 50% of the children they followed up with scoliosis had osteoporosis, whereas Cheng and Guo [5] reported the prevalence of osteopenia to be 58.7% and osteoporosis of 18.7%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does scoliosis causes low bone mass? A comparative study between siblings

et al. 2008

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The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence low bone mass among girls with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and their siblings. The subjects of this study were Saudi Arabian girls with AIS. Patients had their weight and height measured to calculate their body mass index (BMI). Clinical examination and investigations were done to rule out any other cause of scoliosis. All had bone mineral density (BMD) measurement of hip area and the spine using DEXA scan, Hologic Inc. Patients with a BMD of \ -2.6 was taken as osteoporotic and those between \ -1 and -2.5 was taken as osteopenic for analysis. As control subjects, siblings of the patients with normal spine had their BMI calculated and BMD measurement done. We were able to analyze the data of 32 girls with an average age of 18.42 ± 5.71 (14-26) years with mean BMI of 17.7 ± 0.69 (16.5-18.5) kg/M 2 . Analysis of the scans of the hip revealed that 62.5% of the patients were osteoporotic with BMD of 0.837 (0.697-0.936) ± 0.04, T-score -3.8 ± 0.56 (-2.6 to -3.9) and Z-score. Nine (28.1%) were osteopenic with BMD of 0.768 ± 0.15 (0.638-0.878), mean T-score of -1.6 (-1.1 to 2.5) and Z-score -3.5 ± 0.63 (-2.9 to -3.9). Analysis of BMD of the spine showed similar results. In comparison to the scoliotics, girls with normal spine had higher BMI and BMD which was statistically significant at P \ 0.001. T-and Z-score was also lower in scoliotic girls in comparison with girls with normal spine significant at P \ 0.001 (CI 95%). Our study indicates that the scoliosis causes osteopenia and osteoporosis among girls while their siblings with normal spine remain with normal bone mass.

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“…To determine the existence of this phenomenon in clinical patients with AIS, six investigations were performed [3,4,7,11,21,24]. The results with ''no significant difference'' [3,4,7,11] and ''significant difference'' [21,24] between the BMD values of the concave and convex femoral neck were reported in the literature.…”

Section: Persistent or Transient Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No significant effect of curve pattern, the degree of Cobb angle and curve progression on BMD were reported in four [4,11,38,41], six [4,7,9,11,38,41], and three [3,11,41] published articles, respectively. However, significant effects of the degree of Cobb angle and curve progression on the BMD values in AIS patients were shown in two recent studies [21,24].…”

Section: Correlation Of Bmd With Scoliosis Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low bone mineral status in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

Liu

et al. 2008

Eur Spine J

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Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a pathological entity of unknown etiology. The causes of osteoporosis or osteopenia in AIS remain undetermined. Whether poor bone quality is an etiologic factor remains controversial. To determine the correlation between low bone mineral status and AIS, a review of literature was performed. After a literature search from 1966 to June 2007 (using Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane DSR, ACP Journal Club, DARE, CCTR, CINAHL and hand searches of references) for studies regarding low bone mineral status and AIS, 20 studies meeting the inclusion criteria were reviewed in terms of the appropriateness of valuation technique, the validity of descriptive system, the number and type of respondents, and overall quality of the studies. Nearly all investigations demonstrated that low bone mineral density (BMD) was a generalized phenomenon and a systematic disorder in AIS. The prevalence of AIS with osteoporosis is approximately 20-38%. The follow-up studies indicated that osteopenia in patients with AIS may be a persistent phenomenon. BMD could be affected by the mechanical loading and lower bone mineral mass is always associated with lower bone strength. The spinal architecture associated with the osteopenia may aggravate the spinal deformity. However, with regard to the concave and convex femoral neck BMD values, and the correlation of BMD to scoliosis parameters, the results remain inconsistent. Bracing may not result in permanent loss of bone mineral mass. The effect of the eccentric tension-compression environments on BMD, the correlation of BMD with scoliosis parameters and the effect of bracing on BMD should be investigated further in prospective, randomized and longitudinal follow-up studies.

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Osteoporosis and Acquired Back Deformities

Cited by 69 publications

References 0 publications

Polymorphism in vitamin D receptor is associated with bone mineral density in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

Polymorphism in vitamin D receptor is associated with bone mineral density in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

Does scoliosis causes low bone mass? A comparative study between siblings

Low bone mineral status in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

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