Osteopontin at mineralized tissue interfaces in bone, teeth, and osseointegrated implants: Ultrastructural distribution and implications for mineralized tissue formation, turnover, and repair

McKee, Marc D.; Nanci, Antonio

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0029(19960201)33:2<141::aid-jemt5>3.0.co;2-w

Cited by 329 publications

(206 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…Based on studies on bone remodeling, several authors reported that a variety of mononuclear cell types, e.g., mononuclear phagocytes or macrophage-like cells (Tran Van et al, 1982), preosteoblasts (McKee andNanci, 1996a), bone-lining cells (Everts et al, 2002), and partially released osteocytes (Tran Van et al, 1982;Oguro and Ozawa, 1989) were observed along the resorbed bone surface during the reversal period. Thus, some authors considered that these mononuclear cells might scavenge the bone surface at the end of osteoclastic resorption (Heersche, 1978; Tran Van et al, 1982;Everts et al, 2002) and that the cement line/reversal line seen on the resorbed surface might be formed by these mononuclear cells (Heersche, 1978; Tran Van et al, 1982;McKee and Nanci, 1996a;Everts et al, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, some authors considered that these mononuclear cells might scavenge the bone surface at the end of osteoclastic resorption (Heersche, 1978; Tran Van et al, 1982;Everts et al, 2002) and that the cement line/reversal line seen on the resorbed surface might be formed by these mononuclear cells (Heersche, 1978; Tran Van et al, 1982;McKee and Nanci, 1996a;Everts et al, 2002). In the case of tooth resorption, it was also reported that similar kinds of mononuclear cell types, e.g., cementoblast-like cells (Sasaki et al, 1990), machrophage-like cells or fibroblast-like cells (Tanaka et al, 1990;Okamura et al, 1993), and a special class of mononuclear cells (Bosshardt and Schroeder, 1998) were seen lining the resorption surface.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This coat layer appears to be similar to the cement line/reversal line found on the resorbed bone surface. This line is known as an electron-dense granular thin layer demarcating the place where resorption is completed and bone formation is initiated (Tran Van et al, 1982;McKee and Nanci, 1996a). This layer has been suggested to be rich in noncollagenous proteins such as osteopontin and bone sialoprotein, but deficient in collagen fibrils (Ingram et al, 1993;McKee and Nanci, 1996a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This line is known as an electron-dense granular thin layer demarcating the place where resorption is completed and bone formation is initiated (Tran Van et al, 1982;McKee and Nanci, 1996a). This layer has been suggested to be rich in noncollagenous proteins such as osteopontin and bone sialoprotein, but deficient in collagen fibrils (Ingram et al, 1993;McKee and Nanci, 1996a). As regards the origin of the organic substances that coated the resorbed enamel surface in our study, we can suggest several possibilities: secretory products of mononuclear cells that appeared on the resorbed enamel surface after detachment of the odontoclasts, as mentioned above; secretory products of cementum-like tissue-forming cells or other cells; and/or organic substances adsorbed from the blood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cementum‐like tissue deposition on the resorbed enamel surface of human deciduous teeth prior to shedding

Sahara

Ozawa

2004

Anat. Rec.

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Prior to the shedding of human deciduous teeth, odontoclastic resorption takes place at the pulpal surface of the coronal dentin, and this resorption occasionally extends coronally from the dentinoenamel junction into the enamel. After the end of resorption, however, the resorbed enamel surface is repaired by the deposition of a cementum-like tissue. Using this phenomenon as an observation model, in this study we examined the sequence of cellular and extracellular/matrix events involved in the enamel resorption repair by light and electron microscopy. As the odontoclast terminated its resorption activity, it detached from the resorbed enamel surface; thereafter, numerous mononuclear cells were observed along the resorbed enamel surface. Most of these mononuclear cells made close contact with the resorbed enamel surface, and coated pits or patches were observed on their plasma membrane facing this surface. Furthermore, they frequently contained thin needle-or plate-like enamel crystals in their cytoplasmic vacuoles as well as secondary lysozomes. Following the disappearance of these monononuclear cells, the resorbed enamel surface now displayed a thin coat of organic matrix. Ultrastructurally, this organic layer was composed of a reticular and/or granular organic matrix, but contained no collagen fibrils. Energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis of this thin organic layer in undecalcified sections revealed small spectral peaks of Ca and P. Cementum-like tissue initially formed along this thin organic layer, increased in width, and appeared to undergo mineralization as time progressed. The results of our observations demonstrate that regardless of type of matrix of dental hard tissues, tooth repair may be coupled to tooth resorption, and suggest that mononuclear cells and an organic thin layer found on the previously resorbed enamel surface may play an important role in the repair process initiated after resorption of the enamel. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.Key words: enamel; resorption; cementum; repair; deciduous teeth; human Tooth, unlike bone, is not resorbed under physiological conditions except for the resorption of decidious teeth that occurs during the process of shedding. However, tooth resorption occasionally takes place under pathological conditions such as infection, trauma, or tumor development (Andreasen, 1988;Tronstad, 1988). It is well known that after cessation of tooth resorption, the area resorbed is rapidly repaired by the deposition of cementum or cementum-like tissue (Orban, 1928;Mueller, 1931; Kronfeld, 1932;Henry and Weinmann, 1951;Furseth, 1968;Schroeder, 1986;Sasaki et al., 1990;Sahara et al., 1992Sahara et al., , 1993Bosshardt and Schroeder, 1994;Kimura et al., 2003). This site-specific localization of repair seems to resemble that found in bone formation during bone remodeling. In bone remodeling, osteoclastic bone resorption is always followed by osteoblastic bone formation. A basophilic and electron-dense cement line/reversal line can be detected at the interface between the residual ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cementum‐like tissue deposition on the resorbed enamel surface of human deciduous teeth prior to shedding

Sahara

Ozawa

2004

Anat. Rec.

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“…(26) In bone, OPN is found throughout the bulk mineralized extracellular matrix, where it binds to the inorganic mineral phase of bone (apatite crystals). (30) It is also concentrated at cell-matrix and matrix-matrix/mineral interfaces such as at the lamina limitans at the interface between osteocytes and bone-lining cells (and their cell processes within canaliculi) and bone, at the cement line interface between older and newer bone whose juxtaposition occurs as part of bone remodeling, (31) and where bone mineralization is initiated. In binding to the apatitic mineral crystals in bone, available data all indicate that OPN is a potent inhibitor of mineralization, where it is thought to guide crystal growth, shape, size, and alignment in a carefully regulated manner.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteolytic processing of osteopontin by PHEX and accumulation of osteopontin fragments in Hyp mouse bone, the murine model of X-linked hypophosphatemia

Barros

Hoac

Neves

et al. 2012

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

122

111

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X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH/HYP)-with renal phosphate wasting, hypophosphatemia, osteomalacia, and tooth abscesses-is caused by mutations in the zinc-metallopeptidase PHEX gene (phosphate-regulating gene with homologies to endopeptidase on the X chromosome). PHEX is highly expressed by mineralized tissue cells. Inactivating mutations in PHEX lead to distal renal effects (implying accumulation of a secreted, circulating phosphaturic factor) and accumulation in bone and teeth of mineralization-inhibiting, acidic serine-and aspartate-rich motif (ASARM)-containing peptides, which are proteolytically derived from the mineral-binding matrix proteins of the SIBLING family (small, integrin-binding ligand N-linked glycoproteins). Although the latter observation suggests a local, direct matrix effect for PHEX, its physiologically relevant substrate protein(s) have not been identified. Here, we investigated two SIBLING proteins containing the ASARM motif-osteopontin (OPN) and bone sialoprotein (BSP)-as potential substrates for PHEX. Using cleavage assays, gel electrophoresis, and mass spectrometry, we report that OPN is a full-length protein substrate for PHEX. Degradation of OPN was essentially complete, including hydrolysis of the ASARM motif, resulting in only very small residual fragments. Western blotting of Hyp (the murine homolog of human XLH) mouse bone extracts having no PHEX activity clearly showed accumulation of an $35 kDa OPN fragment that was not present in wild-type mouse bone. Immunohistochemistry and immunogold labeling (electron microscopy) for OPN in Hyp bone likewise showed an accumulation of OPN and/or its fragments compared with normal wild-type bone. Incubation of Hyp mouse bone extracts with PHEX resulted in the complete degradation of these fragments. In conclusion, these results identify full-length OPN and its fragments as novel, physiologically relevant substrates for PHEX, suggesting that accumulation of mineralization-inhibiting OPN fragments may contribute to the mineralization defect seen in the osteomalacic bone characteristic of XLH/HYP. ß

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Vascular calcification: new insights into an old problem

1998

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Osteopontin at mineralized tissue interfaces in bone, teeth, and osseointegrated implants: Ultrastructural distribution and implications for mineralized tissue formation, turnover, and repair

Cited by 329 publications

References 85 publications

Cementum‐like tissue deposition on the resorbed enamel surface of human deciduous teeth prior to shedding

Cementum‐like tissue deposition on the resorbed enamel surface of human deciduous teeth prior to shedding

Proteolytic processing of osteopontin by PHEX and accumulation of osteopontin fragments in Hyp mouse bone, the murine model of X-linked hypophosphatemia

Vascular calcification: new insights into an old problem

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