Osteopetrosis, femoral fracture, and chronic osteomyelitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus small colony variants (SCV) treated by girdlestone resection – 6-year follow-up

Rolauffs, Bernd; Bernhardt, Thomas M.; Eiff, Christof von; Hart, Melanie L.; Bettin, D.

doi:10.1007/s00402-002-0435-2

Cited by 41 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Many operative treatment modalities (Table 2) have been described in the past as having considerable difficulties and complications [4,5,[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Kleinberg [15] treated a peritrochanteric fracture with plate, screws and a cortical strut graft.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fixation of Subtrochanteric Fractures in Two Patients with Osteopetrosis Using a Distal Femoral Locking Compression Plate of the Contralateral Side

et al. 2009

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Osteopetrosis or Albers-Schönberg disease is a rare inherited skeletal disorder characterized by increased osteodensity and modeling defects. The fragility of such dense bone may lead to an increased incidence of fractures, especially on the hip and proximal femur. These fractures can pose problems during surgery, as the bones are hard and no medullary cavity is available for intramedullary nailing. Here we report our experience of two sisters who both presented with a subtrochanteric fracture that was fixed using a distal femoral locking compression plate (DF-LCP; Synthes, Obedors, Switzerland) of the contralateral side.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fixation of Subtrochanteric Fractures in Two Patients with Osteopetrosis Using a Distal Femoral Locking Compression Plate of the Contralateral Side

et al. 2009

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“…It is known that abnormalities of Mitf expression may also lead to defective mononuclear/histiocytic function and multinucleation in osteoclasts in some forms of osteopetrosis and compromise their role in host immunosurveillance, which contributes to the increased frequency of osteomyelitis seen in patients with osteopetrosis. 13 Since multinucleation of mononuclear cells is commonly seen in inflammatory and reactive conditions, defects in Mitf expression might compromise the role of these extraosseous mononuclear cells in host defense.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunohistochemical evaluation of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor expression in giant cell lesions

et al. 2004

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Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (Mitf), a member of the helix-loop-helix transcription factor subfamily, normally expressed in mononuclear and multinucleated osteoclasts, is involved in the terminal differentiation of osteoclasts. Dysfunction of osteoclast activity resulting from abnormal Mitf expression has been implicated in osteopetrosis. Numerous other giant cells of various types including osteoclast-like giant cells seen in various tumors, traditionally thought to be monocyte derived, are seen in a variety of bone and extraosseous lesions. Using a monoclonal antibody with a standard immunohistochemical technique on paraffin sections, we evaluated expression of Mitf in 89 various giant cell lesions including giant cell tumor of bone (n26), giant cell tumor of tendon sheath/pigmented villonodular synovitis (n24), giant cell reparative granuloma (n3), aneurysmal bone cysts (n11), chondroblastomas (n7), foreign body giant cell reaction (n10), and sarcoidosis (n8). We also evaluated three cases of osteopetrosis and 27 various tissues without monocytederived giant cells (nine bone marrows, nine products of conception, seven lymph nodes with sinus histiocytosis, one granulation tissue and one thymus). Nuclear Mitf immunoreactivity was evaluated. Mitf was variably expressed in the monocyte-derived giant cells and/or the adjacent mononuclear cells/histiocytes in 23 (89%) giant cell tumors of the bone, 23 (96%) giant cell tumors of tendon sheath/pigmented villonodular synovitis, three (100%) giant cell reparative granuloma, eight (73%) aneurysmal bone cysts, five (71%) chondroblastomas, eight (80%) foreign-body giant cell reactions, and six (75%) sarcoidoses. No Mitf immunoreactivity was detected in cases of osteopetrosis and giant cells of nonmonocyte origin. Mitf immunoreactivity is rare in tissues with rich mononuclear cells/histiocytes but no monocyte derived giant cells. These findings support the notion that giant cells in giant cell lesions are likely derived from adjacent mononuclear cells and Mitf might play a role in the multinucleation process of such cells.

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“…SCVs of S. aureus are important in the pathogenesis of a number of chronic forms of staphylococcal infections, including osteomyelitis (424)(425)(426), relapsing prosthetic joint infection (427,428), skin and soft tissue infection (429), endocarditis (430), and infections involving ventriculoperitoneal shunts (431) and nasal sinuses (432). SCVs are also important in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) (see Pleuropulmonary Infections, below).…”

Section: Osteomyelitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Staphylococcus aureus Infections: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Clinical Manifestations, and Management

et al. 2015

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SUMMARY Staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen that causes a wide range of clinical infections. It is a leading cause of bacteremia and infective endocarditis as well as osteoarticular, skin and soft tissue, pleuropulmonary, and device-related infections. This review comprehensively covers the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and management of each of these clinical entities. The past 2 decades have witnessed two clear shifts in the epidemiology of S. aureus infections: first, a growing number of health care-associated infections, particularly seen in infective endocarditis and prosthetic device infections, and second, an epidemic of community-associated skin and soft tissue infections driven by strains with certain virulence factors and resistance to β-lactam antibiotics. In reviewing the literature to support management strategies for these clinical manifestations, we also highlight the paucity of high-quality evidence for many key clinical questions.

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Osteopetrosis, femoral fracture, and chronic osteomyelitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus small colony variants (SCV) treated by girdlestone resection – 6-year follow-up

Cited by 41 publications

References 10 publications

Fixation of Subtrochanteric Fractures in Two Patients with Osteopetrosis Using a Distal Femoral Locking Compression Plate of the Contralateral Side

Fixation of Subtrochanteric Fractures in Two Patients with Osteopetrosis Using a Distal Femoral Locking Compression Plate of the Contralateral Side

Immunohistochemical evaluation of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor expression in giant cell lesions

Staphylococcus aureus Infections: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Clinical Manifestations, and Management

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