Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head

Abstract

Osteonecrosis of the femoral head is a progressive and debilitating condition with a wide variety of etiologies including trauma, steroid use, and alcohol intake. Diagnosis and staging are based on imaging including MRI at any stage and plain radiography in more advanced lesions. The only definitive treatment is total hip arthroplasty, although numerous treatments including disphosphonates and core decompression are used to delay the progression. Lack of satisfactory conservative measures suggests the need for additional research of osteonecrosis including large patient registries to further understand this condition.

Autologous Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Driving Bone Regeneration in a Rabbit Model of Femoral Head Osteonecrosis

“…The current treatments for ONFH are not always effective in preventing the bone architecture collapse, lastly requiring a total hip replacement [ 3 , 41 ]. The identification of advanced clinical treatments represents an urgent medical need.…”

Osteonecrosis secondary to covid and its possible association to the cardiovascular system: a case report.

“…AVN occurs when there is an inadequate supply of oxygen and or nutrition to bone secondary to decreased perfusion. This results in cell death and necrosis of the bone tissue (3). There are many etiologies of osteonecrosis of the femoral head.…”

“…There are many etiologies of osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Common etiologies include trauma, glucocorticoids, alcohol, hyperlipidemia, systemic lupus erythematosus, sickle cell disease, Gaucher's disease, decompression sickness, and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (3). There are some studies that suggest a genetic component as well (3).…”

“…Common etiologies include trauma, glucocorticoids, alcohol, hyperlipidemia, systemic lupus erythematosus, sickle cell disease, Gaucher's disease, decompression sickness, and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (3). There are some studies that suggest a genetic component as well (3). However, an estimated 20% to 40% of osteonecrosis are idiopathic (3).…”

“…Males are affected more than females, and this typically occurs at age 35-50 years (3). AVN occurs when there is inadequate perfusion of bone leading to cell death and necrosis of the bone tissue.…”