“…This could be of particular importance to inexperienced researchers dealing with dry jaws as this misdiagnosis could lead to false prevalences and wrong interpretations of alveolar bone defects. The differential diagnosis of Stafne's bone defects includes benign and malignant jaw lesions such as odontogenic cystic lesion, non‐ossifying fibroma, fibrous dysplasia, osteomyelitis, vascular malformation, focal osteoporotic bone marrow defect, brown tumour of hyperparathyroidism, ameloblastoma, basal cell nevus syndrome, giant cell tumour or a metastasis from a primary malignant tumour (Adra et al ., 1980; Lam et al ., 1994; Prapanpoch & Langlais, 1994; Parvizi & Rout, 1997; Wood & Goaz, 1997; Segev et al ., 2006). Thus, in clinical circumstances, in cases in which the clinical examination and the plain film findings are not completely diagnostic, confirmatory testing with sialography, computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is warranted (Branstetter et al ., 1999; Shimizu et al ., 2006; Noonan et al ., 2008).…”