Osteometric Estimation of Sex From Mastoid Triangle in Malaysian Population

Abstract

Objective: Determination of sex is one of the most important parameters for conducting biological profile of unknown skeletal remains in anatomical anthropology and forensic medicine. Mastoid bone is useful for the identification of sex, as it is the most protected bone and is resistant to damage, due to its anatomical position at the base of the skull. The aim of this study was to develop new equations for the estimation of sex from mastoid triangle in the Malaysian population.Methods: About 10 parameters were studied on 388 computed tomography scans of crania in 231 males and 157 females. The parameters comprised three sides of mastoid triangle, its perimeter and area on both sides. T-test was used to compare between the right and left sides and between males and females. Stepwise discriminant function was used to reveal the best discriminatory parameter and its classification accuracy.Results: Comparison of means by T-test revealed no difference between the right and left sides in both sexes. T-test showed a significant difference between males and females for all parameters. Perimeter of mastoid triangle was found to be the best parameter by stepwise discriminant analysis. The equation based on perimeter of mastoid triangle was developed with 84.4% classification accuracy.Conclusion: The developed equation could be used to assess sexual dimorphism of fragmented Malaysian crania with intact mastoid region. The achieved cross-validated classification was relatively high compared to that in other previous studies.

Comparison of data mining algorithms for sex determination based on mastoid process measurements using cone-beam computed tomography

“…Nonetheless, the findings of the present study can be interpreted in light of previous research on the use of the mastoid process for sex determination. [14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Ibrahim et al 16 studied 388 computed tomography scans (231 men and 157 women) to present a new equation for sex determination using the mastoid triangle in the Malaysian population in 2018. The parameters of the study included the 3 sides of the rightmost triangle, its circumference, and its area on both sides.…”

“…Nonetheless, the findings of the present study can be interpreted in light of previous research on the use of the mastoid process for sex determination. 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 …”

“…The mastoid region is of particular interest from the perspective of the macroscopic identification of sex using bones. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Data mining is a computational process for discovering patterns in large datasets through techniques such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, and statistical analyses. The goal of this process is to extract information from a dataset for further use.…”

Sex determination by osteometric assessment of the mastoid process using Cone Beam Computed Tomography

“…CBCT provides high-resolution images and low radiation dose to CT of the maxillofacial region and makes it possible to produce 3D images of the skull bones. Recognition using imaging is efficient and relatively easy and can be used in living and dead people and it can be an auxiliary tool in identifying individuals and solving forensic problems [20]. Sexual dimorphism can be achieved by analyzing the discriminant model, which is a statistically objective method of sex determination.…”

A Preliminary Study of Sexual Dimorphism of Scapula by Computed Tomography in the Malaysian Population

“…With the increased trend of mass disaster in Malaysia such as massive flood and landslide, along with the Malaysia airline plane crash in Ukraine, it leads to demanding needs of identification of human remains based on the Malaysian population. With such limitation, there were only a few studies in Malaysia using CT scan of crania and mandible for forensic identification [19][20][21]. Besides, there is no such study using scapula for identification in Malaysia.…”