Osteolipoma of the buccal mucosa

Abstract

Lipomas are benign mesenchymal neoplasms of soft tissue that can be found in any part of the human body. Conversely, their presence in the oral mucosa is rather uncommon, with approximately 4% of the cases occurring in the oral cavity. In such cases, they are likely to have originated from mature adipose tissue and to be among several described histological variants of lipomas, which are identified according to the predominant type of tissue. There is a rare lipoma, known as an osteolipoma or an ossifying lipoma; however, little has been written this type of lipoma characterized by a classical lipoma with areas of osseous metaplasia. Considering the few cases of oral osteolipomas previously described in the English-related literature and the consequent risk of misdiagnosis and overtreatment, this paper describes an extreme case of an osteolipoma affecting the buccal mucosa of an adult patient. This paper focuses particularly on the pathogenesis of this lesion and the discussion of a correct diagnosis.

Osteochondrolipoma of the Submandibular Region: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

“…A review of the English literature found that, outside the head and neck area, lipomas with osseous differentiation have been reported in deep locations adjacent to bone tissue in the thigh [10][11][12][13], knee [14,15], sternoclavicular region [16], shoulder [17], wrist [14], hand [18], intraspinal [19] or in superficial subcutaneous tissue [20,21]. More than 60 % of the cases occur in the head and neck region, where they have been described in intraspinal [22], intracranial [23] (suprasellar/hypothalamic and interhemispheric) and extracranial-extraspinal locations [3][4][5][6][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42]. The latter are summarized in Table 1.…”

Unusual facial lipoma

“…As for the gender more affected, the majority of studies show no preference 1,2,[11][12][13][14]18 , although there have been reports of localized lipomas in the oral and maxillofacial region 6 in which the male sex is predominant 6,20 but, equally, there have been studies stating a preference for the female sex 3,5,8,10 . 20 , panoramic x-ray of the maxillary region, in the case of intraosseous lipomas 2,11 , magnetic resonance imaging 14,16 and computerized tomography 7 , the latter being cited as the resource of choice for giant facial lipoma.…”

“…As for the treatment of lipomas, conservative surgical removal is the method most recommended in cases where they are heavily encapsulated, with minimum possibility of recurrence or risk to adjacent structures 1,9,[12][13][14][15][16][19][20] . When it is not an encapsulated lesion, the risks of recurrence of the lesion are greater due to the difficulty of dissection, which could even affect the facial nerve 18 , which would lead the patient to suffer surgical consequences, compromising function and esthetics of the stomatognathic system 18 .…”

“…The predominant age of patients is between the 5 th and 7 th decades [1][2]8,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] , and is less common in children and teens. It does not discriminate between the sexes 1,2,[11][12][13][14]18 . The tumor is asymptomatic and may be noted by patients many months or even many years before being diagnosed by the Dental Surgeon 3,5-6 .…”

“…Treatment is based on a conservative local excision, recurrence being rare 1,9,[12][13][14][15][16]19 . The prognosis is favorable by means of a successful surgical enucleation.…”