Osteogenic properties of manganese‐doped mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles

Abstract

Mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (MBGNs) based on the SiO2–P2O5–CaO system have demonstrated promising properties for the local delivery of therapeutically active ions with the aim to improve their osteogenic properties. Manganese (Mn) has been identified as a candidate ion for local application in bone tissue engineering applications. It remains unknown how SiO2–P2O5–CaO‐based MBGNs influence human bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) in terms of viability, proliferation, and differentiation and how these features can be modified by the addition of Mn to the MBGNs' composition. Therefore, in this study, MBGNs (composition in mol%: 50 SiO2, 40 CaO, 10 P2O5) and its Mn‐doped derivate 5Mn‐MBGNs (composition in mol%: 50 SiO2, 35 CaO, 10 P2O5, 5 MnO) were applied to a culture of BMSCs in two different concentrations. With increasing concentration, 5Mn‐MBGNs supported osteogenic differentiation and enhanced the upregulation of genes encoding for extracellular matrix proteins but also negatively influenced cell viability and proliferation. When applied in lower concentrations, MBGNs showed not only viability‐ and growth‐enhancing effects but also significant pro‐osteogenic features—however, these positive properties deteriorated with increasing concentration. Two major conclusions can be drawn from this study: (a) supplementation with Mn enhances the osteogenic properties of MBGNs in a dose‐dependent manner and (b) MBGNs constitute an attractive vector for therapeutically active ions since it exhibits an intrinsic pro‐osteogenic potential that can be improved and/or modified by incorporation of therapeutically active ions. Future studies should focus on the evaluation of further candidate ions that are known to influence osteogenic differentiation positively.

Ag and Mn-doped mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles incorporated into the chitosan/gelatin coatings deposited on PEEK/bioactive glass layers for favorable osteogenic differentiation and antibacterial activity

“…29 The Ag-Mn doped MBGNs with a diameter of B180 nm and 8 nm pore diameter were synthesized via a modified Stöber method, as reported in ref. 16. The nominal composition of as-synthesized MBGNs was 50SiO 2 -10P 2 O 5 -40Cao (mol%) and that of Ag-Mn MBGNs was 50SiO 2 -10P 2 O 5 -34Cao-5MnO-1Ag (mol%).…”

“…13,14 MBGNs can be doped with several metallic ions to provide a therapeutic effect. 15 For example, Westhauser et al 16 and Nawaz et al 8 doped MBGNs (composition in mol%: 50SiO 2 -10P 2 O 5 -40Cao) with Mn (composition in mol%: 50SiO 2 -10P 2 O 5 -35Cao-5MnO). The results have shown that 5 mol% addition of MnO in MBGNs supported osteogenic differentiation and enhanced the upregulation of genes encoding for extracellular matrix proteins.…”

“…The results have shown that 5 mol% addition of MnO in MBGNs supported osteogenic differentiation and enhanced the upregulation of genes encoding for extracellular matrix proteins. 16 Aiah et al doped MBGNs with silver ions and found that Ag-MBGNs were bioactive and antibacterial against Gram-positive and Gramnegative bacteria. 17 It has been reported in the literature that MBGNs constitute an attractive vector for therapeutically active ions since they exhibit an intrinsic pro-osteogenic potential that can be improved by the incorporation of therapeutically active ions.…”

“…17 It has been reported in the literature that MBGNs constitute an attractive vector for therapeutically active ions since they exhibit an intrinsic pro-osteogenic potential that can be improved by the incorporation of therapeutically active ions. 16 The properties and the synthesis of sol-gel derived MBGNs have been reviewed by Kai et al 18 Chitosan is a well-known biocompatible natural biopolymer, which can improve the cellular interaction between the implant and the bone. 6 However, chitosan has shown rapid degradation in the biological environment.…”

“…Moreover, the release of Mn ions will be beneficial for the attachment and proliferation of osteoblastlike cells. 16 Polyetheretherketone (PEEK)/bioactive glass (BG) coatings have widely been employed in the last few years due to their excellent mechanical stability and enhanced bioactivity. 7,[23][24][25] Furthermore, the robust PEEK/BG (labeled as PB) layers have also been shown to improve the corrosion resistance of stainless steel substrates.…”