Osteogenic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Bone Marrow in Situ: Role of Physicochemical Properties of Artificial Surfaces

Abstract

Correlation analysis demonstrated the role of inorganic parameters of the surfaces of calcium phosphate materials in the regulation of osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal precursors. The progenitor stromal cells were isolated from syngeneic bone marrow immobilized in vitro on calcium phosphate surfaces with different structure, phasic, and elemental composition. After 45 days of subcutaneous ectopic osteogenesis in BALB/c mice, the tissues grown on these matrixes were characterized histologically. It was found that adhesion of bone marrow cells is the initial stage determining their future proliferation (conduction) over the artificial surface and the area of formed tissue plate. The success of histogenesis depends on surface roughness. The optimal roughness class was 4-5 (Russian State Standards), which enables differentiation of progenitor stromal cells under the specific microenvironmental conditions into the connective and adipose tissue cells. Differentiation of the progenitor cells into the stromal cells producing the hemopoiesis-inducing microenvironment also takes place in the foci of active hemopoiesis. Induction of osteogenic potential of the stromal precursors (osteoinduction) is determined by the ratio between calcium and phosphate atoms in surface coatings. In our experimental system, osteogenic differentiation of stromal mechanocytes was blocked only at Ca/P<0.5.

Pulsed electromagnetic fields enhance BMP‐2 dependent osteoblastic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells

“…39 In addition, they produce higher levels of growth factors and cytokines that regulate osteogenesis including PGE2, which is required for their differentiation, 40,41 and osteoprotegerin, 42 which can modulate osteoclastic bone resorption. 43 Similarly, osteoblastic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells and fetal rat calvarial cells is also surface dependent, [44][45][46] but the role of surface properties on differentiation of isolated human MSCs was not previously examined. While we did not address this question directly, our results suggest that surface-dependent changes in MSCs make them more sensitive to BMP-2, and the BMP-2-treated cells are more responsive to PEMF.…”

In Vivo Bone Formation by Progeny of Human Embryonic Stem Cells

“…For supporting bone formation, several characteristics of HA=TCP vehicles are important, such as biocompatibility, Ca=P ratio, surface roughness, macroporosity, and interconnectivity of pores [42][43][44]. Apparently, HA=TCP particles manufactured by Zimmer and used in this study possess the right combination of qualities: they promote extensive bone formation by both human and mouse BMSCs [22,23,45].…”

Novel Concepts of “Niche-Relief” and “Niche-Voltage” for Stem Cells as a Base of Bone and Hematopoietic Tissues Biomimetic Engineering

“…We have earlier obtained reproducible results of subcutaneous heterotopic osteogenesis in mice from column of syngeneic bone marrow, preliminary applied on CP surfaces [9]. In current research implants with aseptically applied column of syngeneic bone marrow (average area of marrow was 7.5 mm 2 ) from femoral bone were subcutaneously introduced into mice under ether anesthesia.…”