Osteogenic Potential of Mandibular vs. Long-bone Marrow Stromal Cells

Abstract

Although fundamentally similar to other bones, the jaws demonstrate discrete responses to developmental, mechanical, and homeostatic regulatory signals. Here, we hypothesized that rat mandible vs. long-bone marrow-derived cells possess different osteogenic potential. We established a protocol for rat mandible and long-bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) isolation and culture. Mandible BMSC cultures formed more colonies, suggesting an increased CFU-F population. Both mandible and long-bone BMSCs differentiated into osteoblasts. However, mandible BMSCs demonstrated augmented alkaline phosphatase activity, mineralization, and osteoblast gene expression. Importantly, upon implantation into nude mice, mandible BMSCs formed 70% larger bone nodules containing three-fold more mineralized bone compared with long-bone BMSCs. Analysis of these data demonstrates an increased osteogenic potential and augmented capacity of mandible BMSCs to induce bone formation in vitro and in vivo. Our findings support differences in the mechanisms underlying mandible homeostasis and the pathophysiology of diseases unique to the jaws.

Diverse Osteoclastogenesis of Bone Marrow From Mandible Versus Long Bone

“…MB and LB marrow cells were isolated from one-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats § , as previously described 9 . Harvested whole marrow was pooled in a single suspension, and red blood cells were lysed by RBC Lysis Solution ll …”

“…An increased osteogenic potential of rodent and human MB versus LB bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) both in vitro and in vivo has been described 9–11 . Furthermore, human mandibular or maxillary BMSCs show enhanced response to osteogenic differentiation factors and bone morphogenetic protein 2 compared to cells derived from iliac crest 10, 11 .…”

Oral bisphosphonate induced osteonecrosis of the jaw causing pathological mandibular fracture: literature review and a case report

“…İlerleyen yıllarda BP'lerin çenelerde sebep olduğu bu duruma "Denosumab" gibi antirezorptif 10 ve "Bevacizumab" veya "Sunitinib" gibi antianjiogenetik 11 ilaçların da sebep olduğu bildirilmiş ve AAOMS'un 2014 yılında yayınlamış olduğu son görüş bildirgelerinde tüm bu ilaçların sebep olduğu osteonekroz durumu 'İlaca Bağlı Çene Kemiği Osteonekrozu (İÇKON) -Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (MRONJ)' adı altında toplanmıştır 1 .…”

Cytoprotective effects of melatonin on zoledronic acid-treated human mesenchymal stem cells in vitro

“…The jaws are derived from neural crest cells and undergo intramembranous, instead of endochondral, ossification (Chai and Maxson, 2006;Xu et al, 2013). Differences between mandibular and long bone osteoblastic and osteoclastic proliferation, differentiation, and function have been also reported (Aghaloo et al, 2010(Aghaloo et al, , 2011. This apparent close association of active dental disease with human BRONJ prompted us to explore the effects of ZA on PDLSCs and compare them with those obtained using BMMSCs.…”