Osteoclast resorption of beta-tricalcium phosphate controlled by surface architecture

Osteoclast differentiation from human blood precursors on biomimetic calcium-phosphate substrates

“…Ra = 0.5-0.6 um, osteoclasts were shown to adhere and differentiate into giant multinuclear TRAP-positive cells on every type of surface, even if with more 'mature OC on CA [32]. Davison [23] showed that the survival, differentiation, and resorbing function of human osteoclasts was promoted on beta-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) with a low surface roughness, i.e.…”

“…The release of pro-osteogenic signals coming from osteoclasts has been recently confirmed to occur also on CaP substrates [23][24]. Therefore, the attachment and activity of osteoclasts on CaP surfaces has to be seen not only for their resorptive function, but also as an essential preparatory step to substrate replacement by new bone [25].…”

Focus Ion Beam/Scanning Electron Microscopy Characterization of Osteoclastic Resorption of Calcium Phosphate Substrates

“…2 In an ideal scenario, these cells will fuse to form osteoclasts (OC), that is, bone resorbing cells. 3,4 Recent research indicates that osteoclasts can establish a crosstalk with osteoblasts leading to subsequent bone remodeling. 5 Several pre-clinical studies of bone substitutes have focused on these early interactive stages and, particularly, on the biomaterial-osteoclasts interactions in terms of OC adhesion, gene expression and evaluation of resorption pits.…”

Improving the bone forming ability of synthetic bone substitutes using trace element additions

“…The efficiency of osteoinductive calcium phosphate ceramics in bone repair was reported to be equal to autografts when implanted in critical-sized defects, suggesting their potential as promising alternatives of autologous bone crafts [109]. Nonetheless, it is not fully understood so far how surface microstructure could bring such responses, but protein adsorption [110], osteogenic differentiation of osteoblast progenitors [108,[111][112][113][114][115] as well as early activation of osteoclastogenesis [116][117][118][119] on the surface have been suggested. Moreover, there are multiple routines to obtain synthetic bone substitutes with such desired property [120].…”

“…Plenty of in vitro studies have shown that the ions alone are able to influence the proliferation and guild the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and osteogenic progenitors [71] [73,199,[324][325][326]. The importance of osteoclastogenesis in de novo bone formation has recently been revealed [118,242,327] and it can be influenced by trace elements as well. In Chapter 2, the supplement of zinc ions in culture medium influenced both the TRAP activity and the osteoclast-like multinuclear giant cells formation of raw264.7 monocyte/macrophages.…”